Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty Of Science - Department Of Biochemistry

Non - insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) , which is one of the main adult diseases , is caused by the secretory decrease in insulin from pancreatic Langerhans ? - cell or the lowering of insulin resistance due to excess glucose absorptionSerious side effects such as retinopathy , neuropathy , and cataracts are also brought about by its long - term manifestationAlpha amylases and glucosidase catalyze the cleavage of glucose from starch and maltose respectivelyThus , the retardation of the action of these enzymes by inhibitors may be one of the most effective approaches to control NIDDMThis study therefore , aimed to screen for human salivary amylase inhibitorsThis was achieved by the collection of natural products , randomly and based on the tradition use in diabetes mellitus controlPreparation and fractionation of the total natural products extracts , as well as isolation of the active principles have been carried out using different solvents and column chromatographyWe also carried out a big collection of the synthetic compounds for our screening programThe inhibitory activities of both natural and synthetic compounds were performed by spectrophotometric and TLC methodsThe results of this study have led to the isolation , purification of two new natural occurring compounds with the complete structural elucidation of one of themThe study also identified 5 new synthetic compounds as inhibitors for human salivary amylaseThe two classes of these compounds may provide good therapeutic agents for assessment of diabetes mellitus as well as obesity

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