اطروحة(دكتوراه)-جامعة القاهره.كلية الاقتصاد والعلوم السياسيه.قسم العلوم السياسيه.2022

ببليوجرافيا: صفحات. 239-266.

تسعى الدراسة لمعرفة أثر العولمة وتداعياتها في خلق بيئة مواتية لحدوث الثورات عمومًا والثورة المصرية في 25 يناير 2011 خاصة. وتم ذلك من خلال استخدام اقتراب الاقتصاد السياسي الدولي وتحليل النظم العالمية. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى أن للعولمة وتداعياتها أثر في تحريك الثورة المصرية في 25 يناير 2011. وهو ما ظهر من خلال اندماج مصر في النظام الاقتصادي العالمي كدولة طرفية. وفيما يتعلق بثورة 25 يناير 2011، فقد كانت إحدى الحركات ضد النظام الرأسمالي العالمي، وشكلت رفضًا لتأثير العولمة النيوليبرالية. حيث أدت لتهميش فئات مختلفة من الشعب مما دفع لتثوير تلك الكتلة الحرجة.

) The study aims to investigate the relationship between globalization in its international economic aspect and revolutions. The study revolves around the relationship between the repercussions of globalization and the Egyptian Revolution of January 25th, 2011. This is done by examining the impact of the world economic system on the periphery state, with regard to two main issues, the first is changing the role of the state, while the second one is inequality. In addition to, the impact of the peripheral states integration into the global economic system on the classes structure within the state, and thus its political stability. This was done based on the concept of long duration to analyze the developments of social relations historically.
In this context, the study relies on the international political economy approach, in addition to the world-systems analysis as presented by Immanuel Wallerstein, as it provided a number of analytical tools such as logistical cycles, anti-systemic movements, hegemony and the forgotten.
Accordingly, the study was divided into three chapters, the first chapter titled “Globalization and Revolution: Towards a Theoretical Framework”, which was divided into three sub-chapters tackling the nature of globalization in terms of the concept and general frameworks of the phenomenon of globalization. Besides, the relationship between globalization on one side and the nation-state and inequality on the other side as basic determinants related to the revolution. As well as the concept and theories of revolution, and the analysis of world-systems as presented by Immanuel Wallerstein.
As for the second chapter titled “The Economic Dimensions of Globalization and Its Impact on the January 25 Revolution”, and it was divided into three sub-chapters, to highlight a brief historical overview of Egypt’s position in the world economic system since the establishment of the modern Egyptian state, and then in more detail during the era of presidents Gamal Abdel Nasser and president Mohamed Anwar El-Sadat. Then the focus was placed on Egypt’s integration into the world economic system during the era of President Mohamed Hosni Mubarak. In addition to analyzing the regional and international context of the January 25 revolution, its importance, features and dynamics.
While the third and final chapter titled “Groups Participating in the Revolution”, was divided into three sub-chapters, shedding the light on the analysis of the three main groups (youth, middle class, and labor). These groups were identified based on their role in the Egyptian revolution. As well as analyzing the extent to which these groups were affected by neoliberal policies in pre-revolution period.
The study concluded that Egypt’s current position in the capitalist world system is not a result of the moment, but rather dates back to the establishment of the modern Egyptian state. The core states also played a major role in aborting the Egyptian experiment. It was proved that the indebtedness was not clearly linked to the state of the Egyptian economy, but rather to the existence of surpluses in the core states that could be invested and loaned to Egypt. Thus, borrowing decisions in Egypt were related to factors that go beyond the borders of the Egyptian state and linked to its position in the world economy as a peripheral state. Besides, the aid was used as a mean of influence to direct the Egyptian policy according to the interests of the lending state. Hence, Egypt’s position in the world economy has affected its political economy.
At the end, the study also concluded that the Egyptian revolution on January 25th, 2011 was against the power structure resulting from neoliberal globalization that was presented as a response to the crisis of capitalism. The Egyptian Revolution was a result of Egypt’s economic position in the world capitalist system and the international pressures to implement neoliberal globalization. The Revolution was one of anti-systemic movements that resisted the manifestations of the capitalist world economy. The revolution was a voice for the forgotten/marginalized, the victims of neoliberalism, whose conditions had deteriorated by the implementation of neoliberal globalization as a result of Egypt’s position in the world economic system. This effect revolutionized groups who were affected by these policies (youth, middle class, labor).

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النص بالعربية والملخص بالإنجليزية.