أطروحة (دكتواره)-جامعة القاهرة، 2022.

ببليوجرافيا: صفحات. 324-333.

تقييم خريطة التنمية العمرانية للمدن الجديدة فى النطاق الشمالى الشرقى للقاهرة الكبرى باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية

During the seventies era of the last century, the county followed the policy
of constructing new cities as a definite response to get out of the narrow zone of
the Egyptian urban areas around the Valley and Delta and moving to lands which
are far away from this zone and which are covered by the urban and construction
activities because the setup of these new cities are linked to the alleviation process
away from the crowded residential and urban areas and the problems specific to
the Greater Cairo region. The urban expansion outside the Valley and Delta
necessitates that it must based on the studied scientific basis through the
construction of these new cities inside small planning regions and not individual
cities for each city so that to enable dealing with them and specify the identity of
the region activity and taking the right decisions concerning it.
Through this study of one of the axes of the urban development of the new
cities which were built around the Greater Cairo, we noticed a problem in the zone
of the new cities which are located north east of the Greater Cairo region and that
were constructed individually and not inside a planning region which serves each
other and assists in the integration process of the service activity so that we get the
identity of this planning region. For example, the tenth of Ramadan City which
was among the new cities which was constructed as one of the polar of the
development in the Year 1975 at a distance of 45 Kilometers from Cairo on the
fast road between Cairo and Al-Ismailia. Later on, this city was extended with its
large industrial centre where it remained waiting for the labor force and the
population coming from the nearby human Settlement to work in it.
Both the laborer and the employee had a daily work trip which in turn
caused a traffic jam and financial and health suffering for the worker on daily
basis. It was found later on that the laborer prefers to reside where he is in terms
of the cheaper rent and the available social interrelation because of the result of
non-presence of an incentive what makes him moves with his family to the new
city in which he finds the life which is similar to his first life in terms of prices or
services or social interrelation and hence the laborers families remained living in
the old areas where they expanded and extended urban wise on the agricultural
land which surrounds their cities or villages. The situation became worse because
of the continuation of the situation as it was for a long period of time until the new
cities in north east of Greater Cairo became considered as one of the Greater Cairo
suburbs whose number of population, according to Year 2017 statistics reached
approximately 22 million citizens. On the other hand and with the same method
the old cities and villages located in Delta and the Valley were inflated and
extended on the agricultural piece of land which will be reduced and disappear in
Year 2035 unless the civilization policy change and the civilized average growth
remained constant as they are in ascending ratios if the civilization and
development of the cities decelerated and if the civilized growth averages
remained fixed in its situation in ascending ratios if the civilization and
development of the new cities north east of Greater Cairo decelerates after the
roads networks were extended in these new cities and the general utilities with
averages which are based in planning assumptions and with averages in execution
which are faster than slow averages of human settlement.
What is strange in the matter is that the Cairo Plan in Year 2017, had its
northern boundaries reaching the borders of the tenth of Ramadan city despite all
the regional roads which connect Cairo with Ismailia and Cairo with Suez perform
many services and activities which are needed by the residents for settlement and
colonization which take the form of the educational organizations which takes the
form of schools, universities, private institutes, large hospitals and other services
which are needed by the resents for settlement, which serve the Greater Cairo
residents more than serving the new cities residents.
Hence, the residential equilibrium became volatile by the increase and the
inflation in the Greater Cairo. On the contrary to the slowness in the new cities
which is in reverse of what has been planned which is something we discovered
during this study where despite forty years has elapsed since the construction of
these new cities north east of Greater Cairo but they appear in un incomplete form
and did not achieve their planned plans in terms of the human colonization because
these cities were not covered by one regional planning which have integrated
industries, services and residential. The management of these cities are still
covered by the new urban societies centered in Cairo which resulted in that the
region lost its services and administrative identities which is something we tried
clear reaching some results specific to the study which were represented that the
most important factor which resulted in the delay of the development which didn’t
achieve what was expected from it in that time period is the non-existence of the
comprehensive planning for those new cities north east of Greater Cairo where
they were constructed in isolated cases which were not included one same region.
This necessitated introducing a comprehensive planning framework which puts all
these cities together for the sake of easing many of the tasks and the integration
between these cities with each other; where this is in addition to the ease of taking
decisions by the authorities

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النص بالعربية والملخص بالإنجليزية.