السياسات الإعلامية وعلاقتها بالأداء المهنى للصحافة الحزبية فى مصر، (1977–2011) / إعداد حسام محمد عبدالعزيز النحاس ؛ إشراف ا.د. ليلى عبدالمجيد.

أطروحة (دكتواره)-جامعة القاهرة، 2022.

ببليوجرافيا: صفحات. 322-346.

أولاً: مشكلة الداسة: تكمن وتتحدد مشكلة الدراسة فى محاولة الوقوف علي علاقة السياسات الإعلامية بالأداء المهني للصحافة الحزبية فى مصر، وما يرتبط بعملها من تشريعات وأنماط ملكية، وتوجهات سياسية وفكرية، تتحكم فى رسم سياسات تلك الصحف وذلك خلل فترة الدراسة من ( 1977 – 2011م ). ثانياً:أهداف الدراسة: يتحدد الهدف الرئيسي لهذه الدراسة فى الكشف عن ملامح السياسات الإعلامية فى الفترة من ( 1977 – 2011 م ) للصحف الحزبية فى مصر، وتحديد أبعادها ومحدداتها السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والقانونية، وتأثيراتها علي سياسات التحرير فى الصحافة الحزبية المصرية، وعلاقة ذلك بالأداء المهني للصحافة الحزبية فى مصر خلال فترة الدراسة ثالثاً: نوع الدراسة ومنهجها: • تنتمى الدراسة إلى الدراسات الوصفية، تم استخدام منهج المسح بالعينة. رابعاً: مجتمع وعينة الدراسة: • مسح عينة بشرية مكونة من (93) مفردة بحثية. خامساً: أدوات الدراسة: • استمارة تحليل الوثائق. • استمارة المقابلات المتعمقة. • استمارة الاستبيان. سادساً: نتائج الدراسة: - أكد معظم أفراد العينة المدروسة أن السياسات الإعلامية هى إطار عام للرسالة الإعلامية، فهى بمثابة صياغة جديدة للتعبير عن السياسة العامة للدولة، والتى تبين الأهداف العليا للإعلام ووسائل تحقيق هذه الأهداف، وبالتالى تتكامل الخطط والسياسات داخل الدولة، فالسياسة الإعلامية هى مجموعة المبادئ التى تحكم نشاط الدولة تجاه عمليات تنظيم أشكال الاتصال المختلفة. - اتفق معظم أفراد العينة من القيادات الصحفية والحزبية على عدم الاهتمام بتقييم الأداء بأشكاله المختلفة سواء على مستوى تقييم الأداء المهنى أو التقييم الإدارى، أو الاقتصادى. - أشارت نتائج الدراسة أن الظروف السياسية لها تأثير كبير على السياسات الإعلامية للصحف الحزبية في مصر بنسبة مئوية (100٪). - أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى تأثير السياسات الإعلامية على الأداء المهني، حيث جاءت العبارة ”لا تسمح السياسة الإعلامية بالنقد المباشر للنظام السياسي الحاكم” فى الترتيب الأول بتقدير رقمي (366) ووزن نسبي (78,71٪)، فى حين جاءت العبارة ”أصبحت بيئة العمل في الصحف الحزبية أكثر جراءة وحرية” فى الترتيب الثامن والأخير بتقدير رقمي (115) ووزن نسبي (24,73٪).

The media have been numerous and diversified, and the press has retained its prominent position among these media, and this may be due to the roles it plays and the responsibilities it assumes towards the society in which it is issued; where journalism acquires a special importance that stems from being a profession that bears a social and cultural character; It also possesses an inherent ability to influence ideas and opinions; The press not only provides us with information, issues and events taking place around us locally, regionally and internationally, but also provides us with a specific perspective and a specific framework for receiving, interpreting, analyzing and understanding these events and issues. And the impact of this on its performance and position within the community.
Within the framework of the foregoing, this study comes to identify the media policies and their relationship to the professional performance of the partisan press in Egypt during the period from 1977 to 2011 AD, by studying the policies, laws and legislation regulating journalistic work, the ethics and codes of journalistic honor, and the cultural and social systems, where these factors and these influence Pressures on the professional performance of journalists, in an attempt to explain how their journalistic practice is affected by the factors surrounding them.
Study Problem:
The problem of the study lies and is determined in an attempt to determine the relationship of media policies with the professional performance of the partisan press in Egypt, and what is related to its work in terms of legislation, ownership patterns, and political and intellectual orientations that control the formulation of the policies of these newspapers, in order to reveal the features of media policies in Egypt and the factors affecting decision-making. The editorial staff of these newspapers, as well as monitoring the impact of the determinants and standards of media policies on the level of professional performance of partisan newspapers in Egypt during the study period (1977-2011).
Study questions:
1- How do media policies within partisan newspapers stand in the way of the professional performance of journalists?
2- To what extent did the official state institutions overlap in setting the media policies of the partisan press in Egypt, during the study period?
3- What is the reality of the professional performance of journalists in the Egyptian partisan newspapers?
Study Objectives:
The main objective of this study is to reveal the features of media policies in the period (1977-2011) for partisan newspapers in Egypt, and to determine their political, economic, social and legal dimensions and determinants, and their effects on editorial policies in the Egyptian partisan press, and its relationship to the professional performance of the partisan press in Egypt. during the study period.
The importance of studying:
1- The importance of the study comes from the importance of the time period of the study, and the political transformations that the Egyptian arena witnessed, and important and exceptional events and issues in the history of Egypt.
2- Providing scientific and codified indicators of the role of media policies and their effects on the professional performance of partisan newspapers through application to a set of decisions and laws.
3- The great importance of partisan newspapers in the process of political communication, which decision-makers and political actors, along with the ordinary public, realized the role of these newspapers in political life.
Study methodology:
The study relies mainly on the media survey method, which is one of the most prominent methods on which descriptive studies depend to obtain data, information and descriptions about the phenomenon under study during the study period.
Results:
1- The media policy in the state is part of and a reflection of the political system, emanating from its objectives and strategies that govern all subsidiary policies within the state.
2- The legislative dimension of the state is the one that regulates the professional performance of the partisan press, sets controls for it, and outlines its goals and plans.
3- The study finds that there is no difference between the concept of ”press authority” that was promoted in the late seventies, and the concept of ”responsible freedom” that was used in the law regulating the press.
4- Most of the members of the studied sample agreed that partisan newspapers do not have enough freedoms to set their media policies in a way that would enable them to perform the role entrusted to them in creating awareness and formulating public opinion.
5- Party newspapers in Egypt have a major role, as the phrase “participate in community development efforts” with a percentage (89.25%) came in first place. While the phrase ”motivating citizens to contribute positively to local community development efforts” by (19.35%) came in the fourth and last place.
6- There are obstacles to media policies in the partisan newspapers in the study sample, where the phrase “legislation and laws regulating journalistic work” came in a percentage (87.10%) in the first place, while the phrase “weakness of technology and communication tools” came in a percentage (34,40%). ) in the eleventh and last rank.

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النص بالعربية والملخص بالإنجليزية.