A Pharmaceutical Study on Topically Applied Drug Delivery Systems / by Doaa Abdelmageed Kamel; under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Randa Tag Abdelrehim, Prof. Dr. Basant Ahmed Habib.

Thesis (Ph.D)-Cairo University, 2023.

Bibliography: pages 114-126.

Acne is an inflammatory skin disease. About 80% of adults suffer from acne. It can
also affect neonates and children. If it is left untreated, acne may cause scars in the
skin besides its psychological impact on the patients. Acne lesions can be classified
into open comedones and closed comedones. Those two types of lesions are the
primary form of non-inflammatory acne. Primary lesions can worsen into
inflammatory lesions such as pustules and papules. Moreover, when the lesions
rupture, painful lesions and skin scars might develop. Acne is caused by bacterial
infection aided by hormonal changes (specifically androgens).
Treatment of acne can be through oral or topical routes of administration. Topical
route has the advantage of drug localization and avoiding systemic side effects.
Topical conventional dosage forms include creams, ointments, and gels. Topically
applied nanocarriers were developed to enhance skin penetration and targeting. So,
they will have promising applications in the future, and they may replace the
conventional dosage forms.
Tazarotene (TAZA) is a topical antiacne drug. It is a member of the retinoid class
which has been used for decades in acne treatment. Although TAZA is often
prescribed once daily, but the severe irritation and discomfort it causes can lead to
patient incompliance and discontinuation of the therapy. So, our work aimed to
encapsulate TAZA into nanocarriers to increase its skin localization along with
reduction of its adverse effects. Our study was divided into three chapters:

Issues also as CD.

Text in English and abstract in Arabic & English.