Thesis (Ph.D)-Cairo University, 2023.

Bibliography: pages 148-174.

The study aims to design and fabricated a bio-filter device used to process exhaust gases produced
by food factories for the purpose of purifying air from carbon dioxide. That is mainly generated from
the combustion of coal, oil, and natural gas. These are the main energy resources in our daily life that
are used in different food activities such as food factories and charcoal grills. To achieve this goal,
designed and fabricated two prototypes. The first prototype consists of cylinder steel with two covers,
two tubes welded on the outer face of each cover, and a candle filter. The candidate was consisting of
two circular walls and the space between two walls was 2 cm. In the experiments were conducted on
four cases from biomaterials as follows:-grinded ficus, green (53%) and dry (34%) leaves; wet (42%)
and dry (8%) sawdust. Measurements were done at five times after start emission; 2, 4, 6,8, and 10
min. The moisture contents of the agricultural residues (bio-materials) were estimated before and after
experiments. Leave's chemical analysis was done to determine the percentag of "c" contents before and
after experiments. Also, CO and CO2 were measured in the air and gasexhaust without filter and after
using the filter. The concluded results using bio-filter were: - with green leaves: CO2 ratio decreased to
55% and CO decreased to 2 %. Then, absorb of the "C" ratio by green leaves was 4.5%. - With dry
leaves: CO2 decreased to 11.5 %, CO ratio didn’t change, and absorb of "C" ratio by dry leaves was
0.07%. - With wet sawdust: CO2 decreased to 0.03 % and CO ratio didn’t change - With dry sawdust:
CO2 and CO didn’t change. The final conclusion was that ficus green leaves are the best bio-materials
because Ficus leaves contain chlorophyll and chloroplasts that can use in bio-filter. The second
Application prototype: it was designed to be applied as the bio-filter device being suitable for
absorbing CO2. It consists of eight candidates (filters) , main frame, suction fan, and connecting parts.
The experiments of the second prototype application bio-filter were done in two stages; the first in the
laboratory and the other in the food industry of Elhabal sweets CO, which works by using natural gas.
The reduction of CO2 in gas exhaust using the bio-filter was 34.40, 35.19, 59.54, and 79.95 %
respectively at suction air of 0.0, 2.6, 3.5, and 5.0 m/s. But it is still far from the fresh air by about
92.19, 92.09, 89.90, and 82.86% respectively using the suction air velocities of 0.0, 2.6, 3.5, and 5.0
m/s. This means that it is important to use the bio-filter with suction air velocity to decrease the: CO2
emission. On the other side hand the results lab and from the industry tests clarify that the gas exhaust
using the bio-filter is still far from the fresh air by about 79.67, 75.49, 62.47, and 73.07% respectively
using the suction air velocities of 0.0, 2.6, 3.5, and 5.0 m/s at bio-filter with 6 candidates. On the other
side bio-filter with 8 candidates was far from the fresh air by about 86.95, 84.00, 78.30, and 79.28%
respectively using the suction air velocities of 0.0, 2.6, 3.5, and 5.0 m/s. These results can show that
the best number of candidates gave the lowest: CO2 emission was 6 candidates using at 3.5 m/s suction
air velocity in the industrial. While the best number of candidates gave the lowest: CO2 emission was 6
candidates at using 5 m/s suction air velocity in the laboratory

تهدف الدراسة الى تصميم جهاز لتنقية الهواء الخارج من مصانع الاغذية من غاز ثانى اكسيد الكربون وذلك بهدف تقليل التلوث والمحافظة على البيئة وصحة الانسان. بتصميم نموذجين لاجراء الاختبارات واختيار الوسط الحيوى المناسب لامتصاص غاز ثانى اكسيد الكربون من مداخن المصانع.تم تصميم النموذج الاول تم تصميمه بابعاد 27×12 سم يحتوى على شمعة واحدة لتحديد إمكانيه استخدام اوراق النبات فى تنقيه الهواء من غاز ثانى اكسيد الكربون وغاز اول اكسيد الكربون لنموذج الثانى تم تصميمه بابعاد 63×40 سم يحتوى على 8 شمعات. وقد أظهرت النتائج أن نسبة ثانى اكسيد الكربون 79,67-75,49-62,47 و73,2 باستخدام السرعات صفر،2,6،3,5،5 م/ث عند استخدام 6 شمعات لكن عند استخدام 8 شمعات كانت نسبه ثانى اكسيد الكربون 86,95-84,00-78,30 و79,28 ٪ باستخدام السرعات صفر،2,6،3,5،5 م/ث . لذلك يوصى بإستخدام 6 شمعات عند السرعة 3,5 م/ث فى المصنع لذلك يوصى بإستخدام 6 شمعات عند السرعة عند السرعه 5 م/ث فى التجربة معملياً .

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