Thesis (M.Sc.)-Cairo University, 2023.

Bibliography: pages 119-130.

This thesis deals with Burg et Tuyur 80/64 site in North Sudan and its
lithic material in different sections as follows: Introduction, Environmental
Context, Archaeological work at Burg et Tuyur, Methodology, Stone
Artefacts analysis, Burg et Tuyur 80/64-3 in the regional context, Results
and conclusion, Arabic and English summaries, References, and indices.
Section one: Introduction
This section starts with the purpose and the aims of the research, a simplified
version of the methodology followed in order to get the results of the
research, the literature review of past publications of the area, and finally the
study structure.
Section two: Environmental Context
In this section, a discussion of the location of the site within the Selima
Sandsheet and North Sudan, followed by the geographical settings of Burg
et Tuyur area and Selima Sandsheet, then Palaeofauna and flora of the
Selima Sandsheet, Palaeoclimate of the Eastern Sahara, and Palaeoclimate of
Selima Sandsheet and its surroundings.
Section three: Archaeological work at Burg et Tuyur
The section reviews the Research history of the area under study, then
B.O.S Archaeological work in Northern Sudan was traced to put the site in a
larger frame, Excavation work that has been done at Burg et Tuyur 80/64
site, and the archaeological materials that were retrieved from the site.
Section four: Methodology of the research
The Methodology of the research that have been used in analyzing the
lithic material of Burg et Tuyur 80/64-3, to obtain a reliable result to
interpret the past human behaviors for a better understanding of the site.
Section five: Stone Artefacts analysis
The section presents the analysis of the stone artefacts collection
starting with Raw materials used to make the artefacts, Debitage and Cores
(Basic production) analysis, Tools analysis, Spatial distribution of different
types of artefacts, the refittings within the collection, and finally Chaîne
Opératoire of the site.
Section six: Burg et Tuyur 80/64-3 in the regional context
A comparison has been made in this section between the stone artefacts
collection of the under-study site and different sites in the Eastern Sahara.
The section starts with Techno-typological parallels of Burg et Tuyur 80/64-
3 and comparison with sites; Wadi Shaw 83/105-1, Burg et Tuyur 85/79,
Site E-75-6 at Nabta Playa, Bir Kiseiba E-80-4, then Chronological
consideration based on these comparisons, and finally Human Settlements
during the Early Holocene in the Eastern Sahara.
Section seven: Results and conclusion
In the last section of the thesis, the previous sections were summarized,
and the results of the stone artefacts analysis done in section five have been
given in a detailed interpretation.

تقع صحراء سليمه في جنوب مصر وشمال السودان وتعد منطقه صخرة برج الطيور المعلم الوحيد فيها. موقع برج الطيور 80 / 64 يقع مباشرة عند صخرة برج الطيور وكشفت الحفائر عن عدد كبير من المواد الأثرية به. تم اختيار المواد الحجرية التي تعود لوحدة الحفائر الثالثة (برج الطيور 80 / 64 – 3) فقط للدراسة في هذا البحث. تم استعادة هذه الأدوات من خلال المسح الأثري و التنقيب في التربة. طبقت العديد من طرق البحث على مجموعة الأدوات الحجرية. من أجل تأريخ الموقع، تم عقد عدة مقارنات مع مواقع أخرى بمصر والسودان. أظهر الموقع تشابها كبيرا مع المواقع التي تعود لفترة العصر الحجري الوسيط واعتمادا على نظريات استخدام الأرض الحديثة أصبح من الممكن تأريخ برج الطيور 80 / 64 - 3 الى فترة العصر الحجري الوسيط ب الذي يؤرخ من 9600 الى 8600 عاما مضى.

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Text in English and abstract in Arabic & English.