An evaluation of potable water quality in katsina urban area, nigeria : A Study in Applied Geography / Murtala Mohammed Ruma ; Supervised Soliman Abdalsattar Khater , Aziza Mohammad Ali Badr , Attia Mahmoud Mohamed Eltantawi

Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Institute of African Research and Studies - Department of Geography

The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of potable water in Katsina Urban Area, Katsina State. Nigeria. The four potable water types are Borehole Water, Tap Water, Well Water and Sachet (Table) Water. Using purposive sampling technique, twenty (20) {u201E}each type{u201F} of the four potable water types was collected. Hence, a total number of one hundred and sixty (160) potable water samples were collected (80 samples in dry and 80 in wet season) in the year 2013 and they have been analyzed. The gross appearance of physicochemical, heavy metals and Bacteriological parameters; pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Total Hardness, Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Chlorine (Cl), Phosphate (P), Barium (Ba), Fluoride (F), Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu) and E. coli (Cfu/ml) were elaborated using standard analytical techniques. The results of analysis gave the average physicochemical properties with range as follows: pH (5.8{u2013}7.1), EC (121-1361 mhos/cm), Turbidity (5{u2013}35.6 ntu), Hardness (109{u2013}812 mg/l), Ca (4.1{u2013}50.6 mg/l), Na (0.03{u2013}0.1 mg/l), K (0.02{u2013}0.1 mg/l), Mg (0.6{u2013}1.3 mg/l), Cl (-0.03{u2013}2.8 mg/l), P (-0.01{u2013}0.9 mg/l), Ba (3.05{u2013}12.1 mg/l), F (0.5{u2013}1.7 mg/l), Pb (0.06{u2013}0.2 mg/l), Fe (0.07{u2013}0.6 mg/l), Mn (0.1{u2013}1.7 mg/l), Zn (0.06{u2013}0.1 mg/l), Cu (0.5{u2013}0.7 mg/l) and E. coli (2 to 976 Cfu/100cm)

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