Assessment of using aqueous extract of the crude (Balanites aegyptiaca ) on the health status of some freshwater fishes / Yuomna Mohammed Elhassan Mahmoud ; Supervised Mohamed Abdelaziz Ahmed , Mai Ibrahium Eldossukei , Magdy Ibrahim Hanna

Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Department of Animal diseases

In this study the toxic effect of the aqueous extract of Balanites aegyptiaca on freshwater fish general heath status. The results indicated that the acute half lethal concentration dose (LC50/96hrs) was was 69 ppm in O. niloticus while it was 117.5 ppm in C. gariepinus fish..The exposed O.niloticus and C. gariepinus in the short term exposure showed some clinical abnormalites in the form of abnormal swimming behaviour,congested gills with respiratory distress,losses of scales, fin rot in O.niloticus and severe skin ulceration with haemorrages and fin rot in C. gariepinus . The postmortum findings revealed congestion and enlargement liver. There were not such clinical abnormalites in chronic toxicity observed except of few cases of respiratory distress with congested gills and heamorragie at the vent. Hematological results during the short term and long term exposure revealed that the RBCs count, P.C.Vand Hb were significatly increased espically in long term exposure,while there were no significatly changed on the MCV,MCH,MCHC levels. Reults of leukocyte count were increased in short term exposure, while there were no change on the levels of WBC in the long term exposure.Serum enzymes levels in short and long term showed that the levels of ALT andAST were higher than the control group, while there were no significatly changed in Urea and Creatinine levels. .Histopathological investigation of liver and gills showed congention and hyperplasia of secondary gill lamellae in few cases in gills, while there were congestion and dilation of hepatoportal blood vessels and vacolated of hepatocytes. Resudiual investigation of Tilapia and Cat fish exposed to(1/10) ( LC50) 96h for 8 weeks indicated that muscles are sites of accumulation which indicated it,s public health significance Evaluation of lyzozymes activity revealed lower mortality rate and high value of lysozyme activity in exposed groups than (-) control non exposed groups. The aqueous extract of Desert date show positive effect on fish health when fish exposed to aqueous extract of Desert date for long time but in low concentration.

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