A systematic review : Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in chronic pain post inguinal hernia repair / Fedaa Shawky Almallah ; Supervised Zakaria Mowafy Emam Mowafy , Khowailed Abdelhalim Khowailed , Marwa Mahmoud Abdelmotalb

Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Physical Therapy - Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery

To collect the evidence for the importance of randomization of trancutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TEN) in chronic pain post inguinal hernia repair. controlled studies were sought; randomization and analgesic and adverse effect out comes were summarized. Method: search in 125 articles of inguinal herniorrhaphy, chronic pain post inguinal hernia repair, TENS and their effect on chronic pain post surgry. Postoperative pain was evaluated using a standard 10 point numeric rating scale (NRS). Six articles were found to be relevant to our selection criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. These articles included adequate data for the outcome measures (pain). Meta analysis for effect of TENS on chronic postopretive pain after inguinal hernia specifically was not done due to lake of articals. Our study presents that hypoalgesic effect of TENS for chronic postoperative pain after inguinal herniorrhaphy. Reinforce findings from basic science showing an opioid-like effect provided by TENS, given that high-frequency TENS activate opioid receptors that decrease pain. Conclousion: There is credible evidence that TENS reduces chronic postoperative pain through less analgesic demand during the first three days after surgery. In addition, there is some evidence that suggests a reduction of side effects, like nausea and sedation, from opioid analgesia. The effect of TENS is dose dependent and requires a strong sensation of currents. The median stimulation frequency in trials with stimulation parameters within the assumed optimal dose range, was 85 Hz for conventional TENS

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