Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Pharmacy - Department of Microbiology and Immunology

Although several essential preventive and therapeutic strategies could help to combat severe IAV pandemics and epidemics, vaccination is still the primary defence line to combat IAV infection (Houser & Subbarao, 2015). Therefore, this work was designed to study the potency of plasmid-based H5N1 inactivated vaccine in controlling H5N1virus infection; and the antigenic variation as well as the cross-reactivity of the currently applied imported avian influenza vaccines. Besides, we performed a deliberate screening for the antiviral activity of commercial FDA approved antiviral drugs (acyclovir, ribavirin, amantadine HCl and Oseltamivir) to control H5N1infection. Moreover, some commercial disinfectants (Chlorine; 40.5 g/L and chloroxylenol; 4.8 W/V) were further investigated for their anti-septic activity in controlling avian influenza infection (H5N1). Herein, to determine the level of maternal antibodies (MA), 10 blood samples were collected randomly from 400 broiler chickens at days 1, 7, 10 and 14. Subsequently, sera were extracted and examined for their MA titer. After 2 weeks and waning of MA, experimental chickens were divided into 8 groups. Each group has received 0.5 ml of CEVAC vaccine intramuscular (IM),Re-5strainAI vaccine, ME FLUVAC vaccine, AI-VAC H5 vaccine, Kemiflu vak AI KV vaccine, and Re-1 strain AI vaccine, group was left as blank control, rg (M2583D)AI vaccine, respectively. The levels of raised antibodies in the sera of the vaccinated chicken were monitored with the hemagglutination inhibition assays using rg A/Duck/Egypt/M2383A/2010(H5N1, E3, rM2583A) as antigen

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