Anatomical variations of the scapula in adult Egyptian population : Morphological and morphometric study on dry bone and radiographs / Ebtehal Hasan Mahmoud ; Supervised Mohamed Emad Eldin Ibrahim , Sherif Fahmy Arsanyos , Shereen Abdelfattah Mohamed

Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Anatomy

The scapula is one of the highly variable bones of the human skeleton, it plays a chief role in the integrity of the shoulder joint. Its variation has been proved to be the primary etiological factor for a variety of shoulder disorders. The present thesis was designed to demonstrate the prevalence of the morphological variations and to estimate the osteometric parameters of the glenoid cavity, acromion process, suprascapular notch, superior transverse scapular ligament, superomedial angle as well as the medial and lateral borders of the scapula. This was carried out on one hundred dried scapulae of both sides (60 left and 40 right). Two radiological indices; AI and AHD were calculated on one hundred radiographs of shoulder (A/P view) obtained from adult subjects; 60 males (30 left and 30 right side) and 40 females (15 left and 25 right side). Regarding the glenoid cavity, four different shapes were identified according to the presence and depth of the glenoid notch; in addition to four different types and shapes of the acromion process. Four different shapes and five different types for the suprascapular notch were identified. Different patterns of ossification of the superior transverse scapular ligament were observed as well as three different shapes of the medial border of the scapulae were identified

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