Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - nstitute of African Research and Studies - Department of Natural Resources

The study area is located between latitudes 13o 58{u2019} 21.56{u2019}{u2019} {u2013} 14o 51{u2019} 14.59{u2019}{u2019} N, and longitudes 32o 47{u2019} 35.65{u2019}{u2019} {u2013} 33o 40{u2019} 4.44{u2019}{u2019} E. Due to its location in the largest agricultural projects of Gezira and El Manaqil areas of Central Sudan, the groundwater regime was investigated using modern GIS tools. The impact of land use/land cover on groundwater quality was studied using supervised classification techniques of multi-dates (multi-temporal) satellite images. In addition, the relation between the surface water resources of the Blue and White Niles and the Nubian aquifer was carried on. The major ions, nitrate, ammonium, heavy metals and stable isotopes (e2H and e18O) were measured to achieve these goals. The results of hydrochemical data were mapped using ArcGIS 10.3©, aquachem and excel softwares. The results indicated that there are no any evidence for the groundwater pollution resulted from the anthropogenic activities in the study area. Although the agricultural projects were started with full capacity, since 1960, the pollution traces were absent. The stable isotopes of the 2H and 18O confirmed that the groundwater of the Nubian aquifer in the study area is recharged indirectly from the Blue Nile through the Gezira aquifer near the river. Moreover, away from this river, the influence of recharge is negligible, but the water of the Nubian aquifer still mixed with water of heavy isotopic composition (recent water), which indicate a specific recent recharge for the aquifer system

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