Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Pediatrics

Background: T2DM can occur without any symptoms, and health problems associated with the disease are serious. With dramatic increases in the incidence and prevalence of T2DM among youth worldwide, screening tests allowing an early diagnosis are desirable. Aim of work: To estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM and their associated risk factors among obese and overweight high risk Egyptian children and adolescents using strip HbA1c as screening test compared to OGTT as the gold standard method. Patients and methods: A cross sectional study conducted on 339 children and adolescents of high risk groups for T2DM over a period of 10 months. Patients with hemoglobinopathies, known T1DM patients and children on steroid therapy were excluded from our study. The age of the study group ranged between 5-18 years. All those were subjected to full history taking, clinical evaluation, anthropometric measurements, and screened for prediabetes and T2DM using strip HbA1c and OGTT. Results: prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM using OGTT were 15% and 0.3% respectively, while strip HbA1c showed higher prevalence for prediabetes and T2DM (31%). Strip HbA1c showed 81.63% sensitivity and 76.84% specificity at cut off point {u2265}5.6 for prediabetes and diabetes. Moderate direct significant correlation between strip HbA1c and each of FBS and OGTT-Max was found (r=0.39 and 0.26 respectively). Significant association between age and prediabetes/T2DM was found using both OGTT and strip HbA1c (P value 0.03 and 0.001 respectively). Physical inactivity (P value 0.008), puberty, abdominal obesity, and presence of hirsutism were significantly associated with prediabetes and T2DM

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