Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Pediatrics

Background : Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a major source of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It most often occurs during labor as the result of mechanical factors in the pre-term infants it can occur even prior to labor or as late as the second week of life usually as a result of hemodynamic instability.Aim of work: to find out the incidence of ICH in preterm neonates (below 36 weeks) and its relationship with the obstetric and neonatal risk factors at Kasr Al Aini NICU, Cairo University, Egypt. Patients and methods:This was a Retrospective study includes preterm neonates divided into two groups; the study group include cases previously diagnosed as having ICH radiologically, the other group is the control group during the period from March 2015 to March 2016.This retrospective study included (643) preterm patient admitted to Kasr El Aini NICU , our cases group which was previously diagnosed as having ICH included (42) case and the control group included (84) preterm cases not diagnosed as having ICH. Results:Our study revealed that the incidence of ICH was 6.53% among cases admitted to NICU . After correlation of data collected we find out that the risk factors of ICH which have high statistically significant value were (NVD , instrumental use during delivery ,maternal bleeding disorder , maternal drug use , surfactant administration, neonatal sepsis , gestational age , weight , Apgar score at 5 minutes,neonatal platelet count and neonatal INR ) while the other risk factors were insignificant.The mortality was 42.9% of the cases and 57.1% of the cases were discharged.Conclusion: The incidence of ICH in cases admitted to NICU in the period of the study was 6.53% , several risk factors were observed with high mortality rate 42.9%

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