Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine - Department of Oral Biology

Bone defects resulting from trauma, tumor resection, infection and congenital or acquired deformities remains an important clinical problem. In adults and children, bone grafting represents a frequently performed procedure to enhance bone regeneration in a variety of conditions in orthopedic as well as oral and maxillofacial surgery. However, even after grafting, healing is not guaranteed unless fresh cells are recruited to the fracture site.Therefore, regenerative medicine/tissue engineering has received a great deal of attention because of its promise as an alternative to the use of autografts and allograftsfor the regeneration of tissues. Bone regeneration requires an osteoconductive scaffold and growth factors for osteoinduction. PRF contains a variety of autologous growth factors; including PDGF, TGF-Ý, VEGF, and IGF which are of crucial importance in bone healing.Moreover, MSCs are an attractive cell population for regeneration of mesenchymal tissue such as bone. Various studies have been published demonstrating the bone-building capacity of MSCs and even their usefulness in treating critical size bone defects. Most of these studies were conducted with MSCs derived from bone marrow (BMSCs).The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the regenerative capacities of platelet-rich fibrin and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells following their implantation in osseous defects of rat tibia; through histological examination, histomorphometric analysis, scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy

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