Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine - Department of Prosthodontics

Tooth dimensions and proportions of six maxillary anterior teeth were recorded on gypsum casts obtained from 100 subjects (50 females and 50 males). Two frontal photographs for anterior teeth were taken for each participant in a standardized manner, the first one is a spontaneous smile view and the second one is a close up retracted view. apparent width, length and W/L ratio for maxillary anterior teeth were recorded from the retracted view and existence of sexual dimorphism for actual and apparent tooth dimension and W/L ratio were statistically analyzed. After the results of the visible width/length ratio were collected and statistical analysis was made, a gummy smile sample was chosen whom visible width/length ratio of maxillary anterior teeth is nearly the same as the results of our study. The gingival display of the original image was digitally manipulated to create a series of five images with different gingival displays, ranging from 4 mm of gingival display to 4mm of tooth covering by the upper lip, and then presented to layperson and dentist groups to be rated by numerical rating scale from 0 to 10

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