Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - National Cancer Institute - Department of Oncology (Surgical)

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is the second- and third-most common cancer in women and men, respectively. In 2012, 614,000 women (9.2% of all new cancer cases) and 746,000 men (10.0% of new cancer cases) were diagnosed with colorectal cancer worldwide. Combined, in both sexes, colorectal cancer is the third-most common cancer and accounts for 9.7% of all cancers excluding non-melanoma skin cancer. There are four major goals in the treatment of a patient with rectal cancer: (1) local control; (2) long-term survival; (3) preservation of anal sphincter, bladder, and sexual function; and (4) maintenance or improvement in quality of life. These goals are best achieved through a multi-modality approach delivered by a multi-disciplinary team. The mainstay of treatment for patients with rectal cancer has been curative surgical resection. Significant improvements in local control and survival have been seen with the implementation of total mesorectal excision (TME) and the addition of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). AIM OF THE WORK The aim of this study is the evaluation of locoregional control for middle and lower rectal cancer & their impacts on the survival after total mesorectal excision at National Cancer Institute Cairo University

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