Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Agriculture - Department of Agriculture Botany

Legume crops have been the primary targets for improvement by genetic transformation due to their importance for human and animal consumption worldwide. Many of these important legume crops were difficult to genetically engineer especially faba bean crop, mainly due to high phenolics content and their recalcitrance to in vitro regeneration. Therefore, aseries of experiments were performed in order to evaluate the growth, morphological changes and production of phenolics in the in vitro plantlets of five Egyptian faba bean cultivars (Giza 843, Sakha 1, Sakha 3, Nubaria 2 and Nubaria 3).The obtained results revealed that cultivars Nubaria 2 and Sakha 3 had the highest regeneration frequency (85.3% and 78.6%), respectively, and low in total phenols concentration.The effect of different levelsof chitosan (0, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, 60, and 120 mg /l) on shoot regeneration from mature embryo axes of cv. Nubaria 2 were studiedThe obtained results indicated that high level of chitosan have lethal effect on the development of embryo axes. However, low levels of chitosan (2 mg /l and 4mg /l) in combination with 4.5 mg/l BAP had a positive effect on shoot regeneration. HPLC analysis showed changes in the polyphenols concentrations in faba bean plantlets that exposed to low levels of chitosan (2, 4 and 8 mg /l).The obtained results indicated also that the concentration of GA3 and ABA were increased in the faba bean plantlets that exposed to the low levelsof chitosan.The effect of salt stress imposed by the addition of sea salt at concentrations of 1000, 3000, 5000 and 7000 ppm to the culture media on the selected cultivars was studied

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