Therapeutic effect of luteolin natural extract versus its nanoparticles on tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line : In vitro study / Safaa Mohamed Mohamed Ibrahim Baz ; Supervised Heba Ahmad Farag , Safa Fathy Abdelghani

Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) still has no satisfactory treatment. Luteolin (Lut) is a naturally occurring flavonoid that has been shown to exhibit a variety of pharmacological activities, including the anti-cancer effect. Nanomedicine, is an emerging research area implemented in cancer therapy. Nanoparticles are known to have several advantages for the delivery of cancer therapeutics. In light of this, the present study was conducted to examine whether Lut and its nanoparticles (NLut) exert an inhibitory effect on TSCC cell line by inducing apoptosis, and to assess if NLut has more efficient apoptotic activity than Lut on TSCC cell line. NLut was prepared and has fulfilled criteria of nanoparticles, using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) Imaging and Visible Near Infra-Red (Vis-NIR) Spectroscopy. Lut, NLut and the gold standard; 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were assessed at three times interval using the MTT viability assay followed by the IC50 calculation. Using the IC50 doses to treat TSCC cells, the levels of caspase-3 (CASP3) were assessed in the different study groups at three times interval, using Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) system Our results revealed that the different experimental groups demonstrated considerable dose- and time-dependent reduction in their % viabilities and IC50 values when treated with Lut, NLut and 5-FU. Interestingly, the results of the present study pointed out that NLut has provided the greatest cytotoxicity against cancerous cells which even exceeded that of 5-FU when compared with Lut. In this study, comparing between levels of CASP3 treated with the different interventions, NLut revealed the highest values (NLut {u02C3} 5-FU {u02C3} Lut). Noteworthy, among all the treated groups with different interventions, the highest level of CASP3 expression was revealed in TSCC cells treated with NLut at 48 h

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