Formulationand evaluation of vesicular system contain anti-emetic drug for trans-mucosal nasal drug delivery / Ahmed Mostafa Elmohamady ; Supervised Mohamed Ahmed Elnabarawi , Mahmoud Hassan Teaima , Amir Ibrahim Mohamed

Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Pharmacy - Department of Pharmaceutics

The supportive care of patients receiving antineoplastic treatment has dramatically improved over the past two decades. The development of effective means to prevent nausea and vomiting arising from chemotherapy serves as one of the most important examples of this progress. Patients beginning cancer treatment consistently list chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting as one of their greatest fears. Inadequately controlled emesis impairs functional activity and quality of life for patients, increases the use of health care resources, and may occasionally compromise adherence totreatment. Ondansetron Hcl represents the class of (5-HT3) serotonin receptor antagonist, which is commonly employed as anti-emetic in combination with antiulcer and anticancer agents. It is indicated for the preventing of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy or anaesthesia andsurgery. Intranasal administration is an attractive option for local and systemic delivery of many therapeutic agents.The nasal mucosa compared to other mucosae is easily accessible. Intranasal drug administration is non- invasive, essentially painless and particularly suited for children. Application can be performed easily by patients or by physicians in emergency settings. Intranasal drug delivery offers a rapid onset of therapeutic effects (local or systemic). Vesicular systems are a novel means of drug delivery that can enhance bioavailability of encapsulated drug and provide therapeutic activity in a controlled manner for a prolonged period. Niosomes are non-ionic surfactant vesicles in aqueous media resulting in closed bilayer structures that can be used as carriers of amphiphillic and lipophilic drugs.To prevent rapid mucociliary clearance and improve the residence time Thermo reversible in-situ gelling system is utilized. These systems adhere onto the mucus membrane and increase the residence time.This intensifies the contact between nasal membrane and the drug and facilitates the drug absorption, which results in augmented bioavailability

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