Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Department of Pharmacology

The influence of probiotics on the pharmacokinetics and tissue residue of difloxacin in apparently healthy and Mycoplasma gallisepticum infected chickens was studied after intravenous and oral administrations at a dose of 10 mg/kg.b.wt. The chickens were classified into two main groups each one subdivided into 6 subgroups: the first one was used for studying the impact of probiotics on the pharmacokinetic features and tissue residues of difloxacin in healthy chickens. The 6 subgroups are allocated into 4 subgroups for studying the effect of probiotics on the pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in healthy chickens (2 with and 2 without probiotic treatment). The other two subgroups were used for studying the effect of probiotic on difloxacin tissue residues. The second group was used for studying the impact of probiotics on the pharmacokinetic features and residues levels of difloxacin in Mycoplasma gallisepticum-experimentally infected chickens in which the 6 subgroups were allocated into 4 subgroups(2 with and 2 without probiotic treatment) for studying the effect of probiotic on the pharmacokinetic of difloxacin in MG infected chickens. The other two subgroups were used to study the effect of probiotic on difloxacin tissue residues. Probiotic was given from day 5 after hatching to day 21 of age and difloxacin was given after overnight fasting of the last probiotic dose either IV or oral in a single dose of 10 mg/kg. Difloxacin residues were estimated after 5 consecutive days of oral administration and the edible organs (muscle, liver, kidney and gizzard) were collected from slaughtered birds 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after the last dose. Plasma concentrations and tissue residues of difloxacin were estimated by using HPLC technique.The plasma difloxacin concentrations-time course was best fitted to a 2 compartment open model

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