Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Physical Therapy - Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders

Background: Flat foot deformity is considered a common chronic foot and ankle condition that is known to be associated with high incidence of lower extremity injuries in the population due to abnormal foot mechanics.Objective: To determine the prevalence of calf muscle tightness in asymptomatic flat foot subjects.Materials and methods: One hundred and seventy five asymptomatic flat foot participants (male and female) with age range 20-40 years participated in the current study. Gastrocnemius and Soleus muscle tightness was assessed by measuring ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. The ROM was measured by fluid-filled bubble inclinometer from two positions; sitting with knee extension for gastrocnemius muscle and prone with knee flexion for soleus muscle. Result: The prevalence of gastrocnemius tightness was 76.6% with 95% CI.The prevalence of soleus tightness was 15.42% with 95% CI. The prevalence of gastrocnemius and soleus tightness in female participants was significantly higher compared with males (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Asymptomatic flat foot deformity may be associated with gastrocnemius muscle tightness and a higher prevalence of gastrocnemius and soleus tightness was found in female participants compared with males

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