Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Pharmacology

Background and aim: Antibiotic resistance is on the rise. A contributing factor to antibiotic resistance is the misuse of antibiotics in hospitals. The aim of the present study was to describe the use of antimicrobials and ADEs associated with their use in intensive care unit patients.Methods: The present work is a prospective observational study that was conducted in the critical care unit, Kasr-Alainy, Cairo University Hospitals. One hundred and thirty three patients were included in the study and were divided into five groups according to the suspected primary infection on admission; group (1) chest infection, group (2) mixed chest infection with either urinary tract infections or skin infections, group (3) urinary tract infections, group (4 septic shock, group (5) other infections.Results: The study revealed, high incidence of broad-spectrum antibiotics, medication errors, and potential drug interactions. Inappropriate dosing was the top prevalent type. Hematopoietic was the most prevalent adverse drug reaction followed by gastrointestinal, acute kidney injury, central nervous system, and cardiac adverse drug reactions while liver impairment was the least prevalent in. Presence of sepsis on admission, failure of first empirical treatment, combination of therapy and presence of ADR were the independent factors that significantly affecting length of hospital stay. The independent factor that significantly affected the occurrence of adverse drug events was the presence of hypertension

Issued also as CD