Effect of vaginal sildenafil on endometrial preparation and outcome in frozen embryo transfer cycles in general population : a randomized clinical trial / Ahmed Said Ahmed ; Supervised Hisham Omar Kandil , Hazem Salah Eldeen Elashmawi , Amira Elsayed Yehia

Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Successful implantation requires good embryo quality, appropriately timed and arranged endometrial receptivity, and efficient matching between the embryo and the receptive endometrium. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of sildenafil citrate on improving endometrial thickness, pattern and increasing pregnancy rate of frozen embryo transfer cycles. A prospective randomized clinical study was conducted in ART unit in Kasr Al Ainy hospital at Cairo University in addition to private IVF center during period between march 2019 and march 2020 and carried out on 100 infertile women divided randomly into two groups. Group A, 50 women were given oral estradiol valerate tablets 2mg 2 tablets twice daily starting from day 2 of the cycle. Group B 50 women were given the same protocol plus sildenafil 50mg vaginally every 12hours starting from day 2 of the cycle until the day of starting prontogest to be stopped 3 days before embryo transfer. Women were evaluated by using trans-vaginal sonography (TVS) on day 10 of cycle for assessment of endometrial thickness and pattern.The results of this study showed that The endometrial thickness and triple line pattern was significantly higher in women of the sildenafil citrate group when compared to those of control group (p<0.001). Finally the implantation and chemical pregnancy rates were higher in the sildenafil citrate group but not significantly. We concluded that Transvaginal sildenafil citrate was a significant to improve the endometrial thickness, pattern and vas-cularity in women undergoing frozen embryo transfer cycle and need further studies to prove value in improving pregnancy outcome

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