Developing cost-effective extraction techniques for quality control of nutraceuticals and functional foods / Heba Alla Hussein Abdelsalam Mahmoud ; Supervised Mohamed Abdelkawy Mohamed Ibrahim , Hala Elsayed Zaazaa

Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Pharmacy - Department of Analytical Chemistry

Extraction is the principal critical stage in the analysis of nutraceuticals. Ginkgo biloba (GB) as a model of nutraceuticals hasearnedanimportance because of its plentiful constituents and various medicinal uses. It is considered as one of the world's most marketed medicinal plants with yearly costs ranging about one billion dollars. In this work we aimed to develop a simple, time, cost and solvent saving, accurate and ecofriendly protocols for extraction of phytochemicals. Quercetin was used as anexemplary for this target. Quercetin was studied as an analyte for extraction from GB in its different dosage forms. We designed a comparative study between four different cleanup protocols, which are known; for their easiness and productivity. These protocols were liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), inverted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IDLLME), QuEChERS and solid phase extraction (SPE).The applicability of these protocols for sample cleanup of quercetin in different extracts had been investigated.The extraction of quercetin (as a marker for GB) fromGB capsules and ternary mixture of nutraceuticals sachet containing GB leaves, peppermint leaves and licorice roots. Quercetin extraction from GB in this blend is considered a specimen of analysis of nutraceuticals containing several herbs.This complex type of productsinvolves multistep treatment, separation and analysis for each herb for quality control and other types of studies that should be applied on a product

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