Mri versus transrectal ultrasonography in staging of urinary bladder carcinoma / Ahmed Khairy Rajab Shaarawy ; Supervised Mohammad mostafa , Mostafa gad

Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Radio-diagnosis

Bladder tumors are the most common tumors in the urinary tractImaging plays a major role in the evaluation and staging of bladder cancerAccurate tumor staging is essential for planning therapeutic strategiesDifferent imaging modalities are used including excretory urography , angiography , ultrasound and cross sectional imaging techniquesCross sectional imaging modalities including CT and MRI are commonly used in detection and staging of bladder tumorsMRI offers several advantages such as multiplanar imaging with better detection of tumors , better tissue characterization , superiority in evaluation of prostatic or seminal vesicles invasion in addition to better differentiation between post biopsy effect and the tumor itselfMultiple MRI protocols were applied in this field however , recent inclusion of gadolinium enhanced dynamic MRI examination proved accuracy in tumor stagingWith transrectal ultrasonography , higher frequency transducers can be used , allowing better spatial resolution for tumors in the body of the bladder , staging accuracies of 40in hundred have been reportedThe evaluation of perivesical tumor spread is limited , and US does not allow lymph node assessmentUltrasound lacks the specificity to differentiate with confidence between neoplastic and inflammatory components of a mass

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