TY - BOOK AU - Lamiaa Ahmed Ibrahim AU - Alaa Diah , AU - Ali Saafan , AU - Maged Negm , TI - Evaluation of the effect of two types of laser on the apical seal of root canals with and without retrograde filing / PY - 2009/// CY - Cairo : PB - Lamiaa Ahmed Ibrahim , KW - Apical seal KW - Apicoectomy KW - Retrograde filling N1 - Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine - Department of Endodontics; Issued also as CD N2 - The present experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of two different types of laser; namely the 980 nm diode laser and the 10.064um Co2 laser on the apical scal of root canals obturated with gutta-percha and a sealer with and without two types of retrograde filling materials. These retrograde fillings are hydroxy apatite and bioactive glass UR - http://172.23.153.220/th.pdf ER -