TY  - BOOK
AU  - Arafa Mahmoud Ahmed
AU  - Osman Mohamed Osman Ramadan , 
AU  - Sherif Kamal Elwan , 
TI  - Effect of openings on strength and serviceability of RC beams / 
PY  - 2010///
CY  - Cairo : 
PB  - Arafa Mahmoud Ahmed , 
KW  - Finite element model
KW  - Opening
KW  - Strength
N1  - Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Engineering - Department of Civil Engineering; Issued also as CD
N2  - Passing services ducts through web openings in floor beams-instead of passing them underneath the beam-soffit reduces the required overall floor height and, consequently, decreases the construction costs. However, the presence of such openings in reinforced concrete beams affects their structural behavior
ER  -