TY  - BOOK
AU  - Alaa Eldin Ragab Mahmoud
AU  - Essam Mohamed Ashour , 
AU  - Tarek Mostafa Elsharkawy , 
TI  - Botulinum toxin type a in the treatment of gummy smile / 
PY  - 2013///
CY  - Cairo : 
PB  - Alaa Eldin Ragab Mahmoud , 
KW  - Botulinum toxin A
KW  - Gingival exposure
KW  - Gummy smile
N1  - Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Issued also as CD
N2  - The present study included 20 patient complaining from gummy smile caused by hyperactive lip elevator muscles 7 males and 13 females between the ages of 14 and 32 years . Diagnosis of the cause of gummy smile was made carefully to exclude any other causes than hyperactive muscles . The distance between the upper lip margin and the gingival margin of the upper central incisors was measured before injecting the toxin
ER  -