Mohamed Ikram khashaba <br/><br/>
The Effect Of Multimodal Analgesia On Postoperative Stress Hormones, Nitrogen Balance And Insulin Level For Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgeries /  
 تأثير الوسائل المتعدده لتسكين الألم علي هرمونات الضغط العصبي و توازن النيتروجين و مستوي الإنسولين بالجسم في العمليات الكبري 
Mohamed Ikram khashaba ; Supervised Abdelrahman Fathallah , Amr Abdelmonem , Ayman Mustafa 
 - Cairo :   Mohamed Ikram khashaba ,   2014 
 - 131 P. ;   25cm 
<br/><br/>Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Anaesthesia 
<br/><br/> Background and objectives:  Postoperative pain is multifactorial symptom that requires a thoughtful approach using a variety of treatment modalities to obtain an optimal outcome after surgery. Multimodal analgesia represents an approach to preventing postoperative pain where the patient is administered a combination of opioid and non-opioid drugs that act at different sites within the central and peripheral nervous systems  
<br/><br/>
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Index Terms: </label>Catabolism Multimodal analgesia  Nitrogen balance