TY  - BOOK
AU  - Fatema Mohie Eldeen Elshiekh
AU  - Amal Fouad Mohamed , 
AU  - Mohamed Saed Gomaa , 
TI  - Potential precipitating factors of esophageal variceal bleeding / 
PY  - 2014///
CY  - Cairo : 
PB  - Fatema Mohie Eldeen Elshiekh , 
KW  - Esophageal varices
KW  - Hematemsis
KW  - Portal hypertension
N1  - Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Internal Medicine; Issued also as CD
N2  - Back ground: The  incidence of variceal bleeding ranges between 8 and 32 % at 2 years from first diagnosis of esophageal varices (EV) . Although high-risk varices (i.e., large size, red color) are vulnerable to rupture, predicting when these varices will rupture is challenging. The Valsalva maneuver causes an abrupt increase in variceal pressure which can induce EV bleeding. Objectives: Valsalva maneuver-associated activities such as straining during defecation, vomiting, and cough are believed to cause abrupt increase in variceal pressure. Whether these actions can precipitate rupture of esophageal varices (EV) is unknown. The association of EV bleeding with these activities and other potential risk factors such as ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,alcohol  will be investigated
ER  -