TY  - BOOK
AU  - Amira Ahmed Mukhtar Hussien Gad Elhak
AU  - Ahmed Sayed Ahmed , 
AU  - Moustafa S. Fadel , 
TI  - Echocardiography of clinically normal dogs / 
PY  - 2017///
CY  - Cairo : 
PB  - Amira Ahmed Mukhtar Hussien Gad Elhak , 
KW  - Aortic diameter
KW  - Dog
KW  - Echocardiography
N1  - Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology; Issued also as CD
N2  - This study was to establish the normal reference echocardiographic values for three dog breeds, and to determine the effect of breed, gender and body weights on echocardio-graphic parameters.  VHS to evaluate the normal size of heart.ECG to detect the normal heart function. M-mode, two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography were performed on 42clinically healthy dogs including [20 German shepherd, 12 Golden Retriever and 10 Rott-weiler]. Echocardiographic measurements as, left ventricle internal diameter (LVD), as well as left atrial internal diameter (LAD) and aortic diameter (AOD) in early diastole, LAD: AOD ratio was calculated. Fraction shortening (FS) percentage and ejection fraction (EF) percentage, as well as, Mean range and standard deviation of measurements were calculated for the three dog breeds
UR  - http://172.23.153.220/th.pdf
ER  -