Mahmoud Samy Ibrahim Mohamed Abdelrahman <br/><br/>
A generalization of the heuristic gradient projection for 2D and 3D frame optimization /  
 طريقة عامة لإسقاط الإنحدار الإرشادي للتصميم الأمثل للهياكل ثنائية و ثلاثية الأبعاد 
Mahmoud Samy Ibrahim Mohamed Abdelrahman ; Supervised Sayed M. Metwalli 
 - Cairo :   Mahmoud Samy Ibrahim Mohamed Abdelrahman ,   2017 
 - 56 P. :   charts , facsimiles ;   30cm 
<br/><br/>Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Design and Production   
<br/><br/> This thesis introduces a generalization of the heuristic gradient projection (HGP) method for solving 2D and 3D frames. The main objective is to minimize the frame weight by means of size, topology and shape optimization while considering stress constraint activation. HGP can give a specific iterative equation for each element cross section and loading type and consequently reach the optimum solution in a relatively smaller number of iterations compared to general heuristic recursive equations. However, the solution of frames with combined loads applied on the elements might converge slowly or oscillate around the constrained optimum value. A new approach is developed using the weighting factor of different stress types subjected to the element.The developed method overcomes the combined loads problem and it shows a great enhancement in minimizing the number of iterations compared to previous developments of HGP 
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<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Index Terms: </label>2-D frames  3-D frames  Heuristic gradient projection