TY  - BOOK
AU  - Shimaa Mohamed Azmy Mohamed
AU  - Eldin Said Eldenshary , 
AU  - Noha Nagah Nassar , 
AU  - Somia Ahmed Nada , 
TI  - Neurobehavioral and neurochemical changes caused by Co-administration of tramadol with other drugs of abuse in experimental animals / 
PY  - 2018///
CY  - Cairo : 
PB  - Shimaa Mohamed Azmy Mohamed , 
KW  - Dopamine
KW  - Nicotine
KW  - Tramadol
N1  - Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Pharmacy - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Issued also as CD
N2  - Nicotine and tramadol concomitant drug dependence pose increasing social, economic as well as public threats. Accordingly, the present study investigated neurochemical, neurobehavioral and neuropathological changes in the brain subsequent to the interaction of nicotine and tramadol. To this end, tramadol (20 mg/kg, i.p) and nicotine (0.25 mg/kg, i.p) were administrated to male albino mice once daily for 30 days. Consequent to microglial activation, nicotine exacerbated oxidative/nitrosative stress induced by tramadol as manifest by the step-up in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitric oxide subsequent to the enhanced levels of neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthases; paralleled by decreased non-protein sulfhydryls. Increased oxidative stress by tramadol and/or nicotine sequentially augmented nuclear factor kappa B and the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor Ü with the induction of apoptosis evident by the increased caspase-3 immunoreactivity
UR  - http://172.23.153.220/th.pdf
ER  -