TY  - BOOK
AU  - Mohamed Ibrahim Tawfik Ibrahim
AU  - Ayman Ismael Kassem , 
AU  - Hesham Badawy , 
AU  - Mohamed Elghoneimy , 
TI  - Single stage repair of penoscrotal Hypospadias using combined buccal graft and preputial flap / 
PY  - 2020///
CY  - Cairo : 
PB  - Mohamed Ibrahim Tawfik Ibrahim , 
KW  - Combined buccal graft
KW  - Penoscrotal Hypospadias
KW  - Single stage repair
N1  - Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Urology; Issued also as CD
N2  - The majority of patients are diagnosed on well-baby examination after birth  despite antenatal diagnosis is possible (Sides et al, 1996).Posterior  hypospadias if  associated with bilateral undescended testis  will  needs a workup to exclude  a disorder of sex development (Hughes et al, 2006). Repair of proximal defects is still one of the most challenging surgical procedures facing the hypospadiologist. Modifications of current techniques for the correction of proximal hypospadias as well as new innovative techniques continue to be proposed, The current goals of proximal hypospadias surgery are: (1) creating a straight penis, (2) positioning of the meatus on the penile tip, (3) normalization of erections and voiding, (4) creating a urethra of adequate and uniform caliber, (5) symmetry in appearance of the glans and shaft, and (6) decreasing complications. Even in the hands of the most experienced surgeons, proximal hypospadias repair is associated with a number of complications, including failure, urethrocutaneous fistula, stricture, diverticula, and persistent chordee
ER  -