TY  - GEN
AU  - Samar Abbas Abdou Ahmed
AU  - Mai Wedad Abdallah , 
AU  - Mohamed Tawfek ElKhateeb , 
AU  - Mohammed Hany Gamal_ElDein , 
TI  - A comparison between levobupivacaineand both bupivacaineandropivacainewith and without fentanyl , in epidural for lower abdominal surgery / 
PY  - 2005///
CY  - Cairo : 
PB  - Samar Abbas Abdou Ahmed , 
N1  - Thesis (PH.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Anaesthesia; Issued also as CD
N2  - Bupivacaine exists as a mixture of two enantiomers , levobupi - vacaine and dexbupivacaineData suggests that levobupivacaine has equal local anesthetic potency , with reduced potential for central nervous system and cardiovascular toxicityThis study compares the clinical efficacy of 05 In hundered persent levobupivacaine with 05 In hundered persent bupivacaine and 05 In hundered persent ropivacaine , with and without fentanyl for epidural anesthesia in lower abdominal surgeryAlso this study compare the cardiac inhibitory effect of the three drugs on isolated rabbit heartSixty patients completed the study and the patients were randomized to receive either of three drugs with and without fentanyl in a double - blind fashion
ER  -