Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - National Cancer Institute - Department of Pediatric Oncology

Background: Nephroblastoma (Wilms{u2019} tumor) WT represents about 6 % of all childhood cancers, and it is the most common pediatric renal tumor. The overall survival markedly improved to exceed 90 percent in developed countries, yet some studies from developing counties still have poorer outcomes. Purpose: To assess the clinical outcome and the different prognostic factors that might influence the outcome of pediatric loco-regional WT cases at initial presentation treated at National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Egypt. Methods: This is a retrospective study included pediatric loco-regional WT patients presented to NCI, between January 2008 and June 2017. Medical records of all patients were reviewed for clinical features, imaging studies, treatment and outcome. Patients were followed up till December 2018. Results: In 90 eligible patients, median age was 3 years (range 1 month{u2013}9 years). Abdominal mass was the commonest presentation (75.6 %). At the end of the study, EFS and OS was 82.8% and 93.4%. Despite having a similar EFS (83.7 vs. 81.8%), Stage III cases had a significantly lower OS than stage I and II (88.4% vs. 100 % p value 0.024). Eleven cases had unfavorable histology and had a significantly lower EFS and OS than the cases with favorable histology (45.5 and 81.8% vs. 88.2 and 96.1%). If we considered cases with nuclear unrest with the favorable histology group, the difference in EFS wouldn{u2019}t be statistically significant

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