Clinical variables related to serotonin receptor gene polymorphism in tramadol dependence / Sara Abdelnasser Ragab ; Supervised Samir Mohamed Fouad Abouelmagd , Mohammad Elsayed Altawil , Heba Nabil Ameen Baz

Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Neuropsychiatry

An increasingly alarming phenomenon of Tramadol ( Tramal, Amadol, Tramax, Contramal, Trama SR, Ultradol, Tramundin ) abuse have been heavily demonstrated in the recent years. Although the issue of drug abuse is not a newly introduced issue to Egyptian society but the wide range of usage and illegal transactions associated with tramadol abuse making it the most easily accessible and readily provided drug at cheap cost. The alleged usages of tramadol had contributed greatly to its popularity and massive use especially among youth and middle aged groups as a remedy for premature ejaculatory function and for extended orgasm and increase sexual pleasure as promoted in many online drug stores and media . Although addiction usually (but not always) begins with a conscious decision to use a drug, changes that occur in the brain at some point can turn drug use and then abuse into a chronic relapsing illness. Some genetically predisposed individuals, however, become "addicted" almost immediately, with very little progression from use to abuse to dependency

Issued also as CD