Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences - Department of Laser Science and Interactions

Depletion of conventional energy sources requires exploring new sources of energy, one of the most attractive and important source of energy is the biogas. Biogas is considered as a clean and renewable source of energy. Many different ways had been used to enhance the biogas production via numerous biological additives (crops residues, microbial culture, etc) and chemical additives (inorganic additives, etc) under different operating conditions. In our work we concern in enhancement of biogas production chemically using different nanoparticles as a catalyst to stimulate the microbial activity of the methanogenesis bacteria. Two different ways had been performed to prepare the nanoparticles; co-precipitation method used to prepare the ferrites (Fe₃O₄, CoFe₂O₄, NiFe₂O₄) nanoparticles, and liquid laser ablation in water used to prepare a nanoalloy of ablated stainless steel at different laser energies. The effect of addition 100 ppmof different nanoparticles to the biogas digesterof working volume 800 ml, pH adapted at 7 and the digester temperature was adjusted to 37{u00B0}C had been investigated.As well as, a comparison between the biogas production from a substrate treated with chemically prepared nanoparticles and a substrate treated with the nanoalloy synthesized by ablation of stainless steel was discussed

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