Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Mdicine - Department of Radio-Diagnosis

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is a rapidly evolving non-invasive accurate diagnostic tool for the evaluation of cardiac anatomy, volumes, and functions; it allows a better comprehension of flow visualization and quantification of blood flow through cardiac structures and blood vessels. Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is the most common type of cyanotic congenital heart diseaseand one of the first to be successfully repaired by congenital heart surgeons.Since the first surgical repair in 1954, treatment has continuously improved.The treatment strategies currently used in the treatment of ToF result in excellent long-term survival (30-year survival ranges from 68.5% to 90.5%), this made the along-term need for follow-up. However, residual problems such as right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, pulmonary regurgitation, and (ventricular) arrhythmia are common and often require re-interventions.Right ventricular dysfunction can be seen following longstanding pulmonary regurgitation and/or stenosis. Therefore, the evolution of treatment, recognition of late complications, research on disease mechanisms with feedback to changes in the care of affected children born nowadaysare templates on which the timely discussion of the organization of care of those affected by congenital heart diseases from the fetus to the elderly can be based

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