Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine - Department of Orthodontics

The main objective of the study: Evaluation of gingival biotypes and width of keratinized gingiva of anterior teeth in adults with abnormal skeletal jaw relations. Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 182 orthodontic patients (74 males, 108 females) who applied for orthodontic treatment in faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University starting from 1st of November 2018 till 31th of October 2019. Only patients with skeletal class II and skeletal class III were enrolled in the study. They were included based on Wit;s appraisal measured on lateral cephalometric radiograph taken as a record for orthodontic treatment.They were further divided into six groups based on vertical growth pattern according to facial axis angle. Gingival biotypes for the anterior teeth have been determined either thick biotype or thin biotype using probe transparency method. Width of keratinized gingiva has been measured for each anterior tooth using digital caliper.Results: The results of this study have showed statistical significant decrease in the percentage of thin gingival biotypes in upper anterior teeth in skeletal Class II patients with hyperdivergent growth pattern. Also there was a statistical significant increase in the distribution of thin gingival biotypes in lower anterior teeth in skeletal class II patients with normal vertical growth pattern and skeletal class III patients with hyperdivergent growth pattern. Width of keratinized gingiva of anterior teeth seems not to be correlated with different skeletal sagittal and vertical malocclusion patterns

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