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003			EG-GiCUC
005			20250223032744.0
008			210601s2021 ua dh f m 000 0 eng d
040			_aEG-GiCUC _beng _cEG-GiCUC
041	0		_aeng
049			_aDeposite
097			_aM.Sc
099			_aCai01.08.06.M.Sc.2021.Ma.S
100	0		_aMarwa Mohammed Reda Abdelazim
245	1	0	_aStudies on the conversion of Tetanus toxin to its corresponding toxoid and conditions affecting its reversion / _cMarwa Mohammed Reda Abdelazim ; Supervised Mohammed Abdelhaleem Ramadan , Aymen Samir Mohammed Yassin , Mohammed Elsayed Ali Rashed
246	1	5	_aدراسات عن تحويل سم التيتانوس إلى مقابله الغيرسام و الظروف المؤثرة على الارتداد للسُمية
260			_aCairo : _bMarwa Mohammed Reda Abdelazim , _c2021
300			_a105 P . : _bcharts , facsmilies ; _c25cm
502			_aThesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Pharmacy - Department of Microbiology and Immunology
520			_aTetanus is one of the major causes of extensive morbidity and mortality in rural areas of developing countries affecting both animals and humans. The commercially available tetanus vaccine is routinely produced through detoxification of the tetanus toxin using formaldehyde followed by purification process, which might show residual formaldehyde presence and some reversion to toxic form upon exposure to variable conditions. In the current study, in an approach to optimize the production conditions and to minimize the risk of crosslinking of unwanted foreign proteins during the detoxification processes; switching the order of the purification and the detoxification processes was tested. The bacterial crude toxin was purified at optimized conditions utilizing 40% ammonium sulfate and incubated for seven days followed by successive dialysis steps. SDS PAGE using both Coomassie brilliant blue and silver staining, as well as HPLC techniques were used to confirm the integrity and the purity of the produced toxins. Detoxification of the purified tetanus toxin was tested by using gradient decreasing concentrations of formaldehyde; where complete detoxification was achieved utilizing 0.08% with five weeks dark incubation at 37{u00B0}C. Another detoxification technique was demonstrated using iodoacetamide buffer as a reducing agent instead of formaldehyde, where complete detoxification was achieved within five hours using dark incubation at 37{u00B0}C, followed by dialysis to remove excessive salts. Comparative analysis was carried out on the newly prepared toxoid versus the traditionally produced one to evaluate the efficacy and safety as well as to monitor the rate and extent of reversion to toxicity. The obtained results proved that iodoacetamide detoxification was faster than the commonly used formaldehyde method, and it produced similar survival rates in animals{u2019} models, also the new preparation was more potent at dilutions (1/5 &1/10) and induced higher protective antibody levels in mice sera
530			_aIssued also as CD
653		4	_aPurification
653		4	_aTetanus toxin
653		4	_aToxoids
700	0		_aAymen Samir Mohammed Yassin , _eSupervising
700	0		_aMohammed Abdelhaleem Ramadan , _eSupervising
700	0		_aMohammed Elsayed Ali Rashed , _eSupervising
856			_uhttp://172.23.153.220/th.pdf
905			_aAmira _eCataloger
905			_aNazla _eRevisor
942			_2ddc _cTH
999			_c81138 _d81138