Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Department of Microbiology

Randomly, 150 different meat &meat products and chicken products samples [15 rice kofta, 15 oriental sausage, 20 raw meat, 20 minced meat, 20 meat lunchon, 20 chicken pane, 20 chicken nuggets and 20 chicken burger] were collected from super markets and local markets in Cairo, Giza, and Alexandria Governorates, Egypt. Morphological, biochemical and molecular identification of bacterial isolates revealed B.cereus with total incidence of 18.66%. While the individual incidence was 15% in raw meat, 20% in minced meat, 20% in meat lunchon, 35% in chicken panee, 25% in chicken nuggets, 25% in chicken burger and 0% in both oriental sausage and rice kofta. B.cereus harbour toxin genes (hbl, nhe, cyt K and ces). Carvacrol was successfully used at different concentrations (0.02 ml/ml, 0.04 ml/ml and 0.06 ml/ml) to decrease the toxin genes transcription. SYBR Green real time PCR proved that the four toxin genes was functioning and undergoing transcription, besides its ability to monitor the influence of carvacrol usage

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