Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Agriculture - Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides

This research was conducted to study the effect of four honey bee products; honey, pollen grains, royal jelly, propolis, their mixtures, and sugar solution, as food supplements, on four biological parameters (longevity, fecundity, emergence rate, and sex ratio) for different Trichogramma species.The three species, Trichogramma evanescens, T. bourarachae, and T. cacoeciae, differed in their responses to the tested diets. In general, most diets containing honey improved longevity and fecundity. Honey + royal jelly and honey + propolis were the best diets improved the longevity of T. evanescens. Honey + royal jelly + propolis, honey alone, honey+ pollen grains+ propolis, honey+ pollen grains+ royal jelly, and honey+ royal jelly resulted in the longest lifetime for T. bourarachae. While the best diets that prolonged the longevity of T. cacoeciae were honey + royal jelly and honey alone. The highest fecundity -during the total life time- was obtained by all diets containing honey, pollen grains+ royal jelly+ propolis, and sugar solution for T. evanescens, honey + royal jelly + propolis, honey + pollen grains + propolis, and honey + pollen grain + royal jelly + propolis for T. bourarachae, and by honey + royal jelly, and honey alone in case of T. cacoeciae

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