Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - National Cancer Institute - Department of Cancer Biology

IIntroduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the sixth common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is more prevalent in males than in females. In Egypt, HCC constitutes a noteworthy widespread health problem, as it is accountable for 27.3% and 14.3% of all cancers in males and females respectively.The treatment options for HCC are limited and rely on patient stage. Doxorubicin drug-eluting bead transcatheter chemoembolization (TACE), a standard of care for patients particularly in the middle or advanced stage HCC is one of the vitally important approach and more promising evolutions in HCC treatment and used to diminish tumor load. Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most advantageous agents frequently used drugs in TACE, it has been shown that Dox can persue drug resistance resulting in poor patient prognosis and survival. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs), characterized as short, non-coding RNAs consisting of 18{u2013}25 nucleotides, were mentioned as powerful regulators of target mRNAs and make fine-scale adjustments to protein outputs. MiRNAs have been a recent focus in attempts to understand the mechanisms of Abstract 2 chemotherapy resistance particularly examining their ability to modulate known mechanisms of resistance

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