TY  - BOOK
AU  - Marina Sami Helmi Fahim,
AU  - Eman Mohamed Othman
AU  - Noha Abdel Rahim Nagui
AU  - Marwa Mahdy Abd El-Hameed
TI  - High Concentration versus Low Concentration of Aluminium Chloride Hexahydrate Iontophoresis on Primary Palmar Hyperhidrosis / 
U1  - 615.82 
PY  - 2024///
KW  - Physical Therapy
KW  - qrmak
KW  - High concentration 20% aluminum chloride hexahydrate
KW  - Iontophoresis
KW  - Low concentration 1% aluminum chloride hexahydrate
N1  - Thesis (M.Sc.) -Cairo University, 2024; Bibliography: pages 61-72; Issued also as CD
N2  - Primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PH) tends to arise in childhood or adolescence and 
usually persists throughout life. Despite its unknown origin, it is attributed to localized 
sympathetic hyperactivity on otherwise normal eccrine sweat glands, mainly triggered by 
emotional or thermal stimuli. 
Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy, tolerability and side effects of the low 
concentration (1%) versus high concentration of aluminium chloride hexahydrate (20%) 
iontophoresis for primary palmar hyperhidrosis. 
Patients and Methods: Thirty patients of both genders who established diagnosis of primary 
palmar hyperhidrosis with age ranged 10-30 years were selected randomly from dermatology 
outpatient clinic of Ain Shams General Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The included patients were 
randomly distributed into two equal groups in number; Group (A) consisted of 15 patients (6 
males and 9 females) with palmar hyperhidrosis were treated with iontophoresis of low 
concentration 1% aluminum chloride for 3 days per week for 4 weeks. Group (B) consisted of 15 
patients (7 males and 8 females) were treated with iontophoresis of high concentration 20% of 
aluminium chloride hexahydrate at the same time. 
Outcomes: The primary outcome was reduction of sweating rate in palmar hyperhidrosis using 
low concentration 1% of aluminum chloride hexahydrate with longer endurance and no skin 
irritation compared to high concentration 20%, which was measured by using gravimetric test, 
iodine- starch test and hyperhidrosis disease severity scale (HDSS). 
Results: Both groups of the study showed a significant decrease in hyperhidrosis from the 
3rd day until the 4th week post-treatment (p < 0.05) throughout the follow-up period. The result 
revealed percentage of improvement in group (A) was 1.1% while group (B) was 1.3% for 
gravimetric measure. Also, percentage of improvement in group (A) was 1.4% while group (B) 
was 1.6% for HDSS measure but with more side effects like dermatitis and low endurance, some 
patients might stop the treatment sessions. 
Conclusion: Iontophoretic application of low concentration 1% of aluminum chloride 
hexahydrate is shown to considerably reduce the palmar sweating rate with long endurance and 
no skin irritation compared to high concentration method (20%); تم اختيار ثلاثين مريضا من كلا الجنسين ممن تم تشخيص اصابتهم بفرط تعرق راحة اليد الأولى تتراوح اعمارهم بين10و30 عاما بشكل عشوائي من العيادة الخارجية للامراض الجلدية بمستشفى عين شمس العام، القاهرة، مصر، تم توزيع الموضوعات المشمولة بشكل عشوائى الى مجموعتين متساويتين فى العدد،المجموعة(أ) تتكون من 15 مريضا (6ذكورو9إناث) يعانون من فرط تعرق راحة اليد وتم علاجهم بانتقال الأيونات بالكهرباء بتركيز منخفض 1% كلوريد الألومنيوم لمدة 3 ايام فى الاسبوع لمدة 4 اسابيع المجموعة (ب) تتكون من 15 مريضا (7ذكور و8 إناث) تم علاجهم بإنتقال الايونات بالكهرباء بتركيز عال 20% من كلوريد الالومنيوم سداسى هيدرات فى نفس الوقت. الخلاصة إن التطبيق الايونى للتركيز المنخفض 1% من سداسى هيدرات كلوريد الالومنيوم يقلل بشكل كبير من معدل تعرق راحة اليد مع التحمل الطويل وعدم تهيج الجلد مقارنة بطريقة التركيز العالى (20%).
ER  -