Holy Shaker Iskander Naroz, <br/><br/>
Correlation Between the Degree of Forward Head Posture And  Hamstring Muscles Tightness in Non-Specific Neck Pain / 
 العلاقة بين درجة وضعية الرأس الأمامية وقصر عضلات الفخذ الخلفية في ألم الرقبة الغير محدد السبب / 
by Holy Shaker Iskander Naroz; Supervisors of : Dr. Nadia Abd El Azeem Fayaz, Dr. Salwa Fadl Abdelmegeed, Dr. Dina Mohamed Ali Al Hamaky 
 - 81 pages :   illustrations ;  25 cm. +   CD. 
<br/><br/>Thesis (M.Sc.)-Cairo University, 2024.  
<br/><br/>Bibliography: pages 60-73.  
<br/><br/> Background: Anterior translation of cervical spine, recognized as Forward <br/>Head Posture (FHP), is a pathology that happens when the head moves forward <br/>from the vertical line of gravity. FHP can cause significant problems, such as <br/>fascial stretching at the lower cervical level, shortening of the upper cervical <br/>segment, hamstring tightness, and back fascial limitation at the hamstring and <br/>calf muscle levels. It is crucial to address this correlation to avoid further <br/>complications. Purpose of the study: to determine of the correlation between <br/>forward head posture, hamstring, calf muscles tightness and neck disability <br/>index (NDI) in nonspecific neck pain subjects. Materials and Methods: The <br/>study involved 85 university students of both genders, with a mean age of males <br/>were (21.96 ± 2.25) years and of females were (22.05 ± 2) years respectively, <br/>with the mean values of BMI of males were (22.32 ± 1.68) females were (22 ± <br/>1.7) kg/m2 respectively. The sample size included only those with a <br/>craniovertebral angle (CVA) measurement of less than 490, which was <br/>determined using the photogrammetry method. A digital goniometer was used <br/>to assess hamstring muscles by using the passive straight leg raising test <br/>(PSLR). A digital goniometer was used to assess calf muscles by ankle <br/>dorsiflexion with the knee extended (ADFKE) test for gastrocnemius muscle, <br/>in addition to ankle dorsiflexion with the knee flexed (ADFKF) test for soleus <br/>muscles. Results: There is a weak significant direct correlation (r=0.300, <br/>p=0.034) between CVA and right hamstring tightness as measured by PSLR in <br/>males with a normal BMI. There was a non-significant correlation between <br/>CVA and calf muscles tightness in both genders’ males and females. <br/>Conclusion: Forward head posture (FHP) weakly correlates with hamstring <br/>tightness of right side in males with normal BMI. Therefore, the current study <br/>suggests that hamstring muscles stretching program may improve FHP. The <br/>degree of forward head posture is not correlated with calf muscles tightness.  شملت الدراسة على 85 طالباً جامعياً من الجنسين، متوسط أعمارهم (2.25 ±21.96) سنة للرجال و (2±22.05) سنة للنساء، ومتوسط مؤشر كتلة الجسم (1.68±22.32) كجم/م2 للرجال و (1.7±22) كجم/م2 للنساء الذين لديهم قياس زاوية قحفية فقرية أقل من 49 درجة، والذي تم تحديده باستخدام طريقة القياس التصويري. تم استخدام مقياس الزوايا الرقمي لتقييم قصر العضلات و المدى الحركي باستخدام اختبار رفع الساق المستقيمة السلبي. تم استخدام مقياس الزوايا الرقمي لتقييم عضلات الساق عن طريق عطف ظهري الكاحل مع اختبار تمديد الركبة، بالإضافة إلى عطف ظهري الكاحل مع ثني الركبة.  
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<br/><br/><br/>Text in English and abstract in Arabic & English. 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>Physical Therapy
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Index Terms: </label>Craniovertebral angle (CVA)   Forward head posture (FHP)  Hamstring muscle tightness 
<br/><br/><label>Dewey Class. No.: </label>615.82