<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<record
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd"
    xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">

  <leader>07106namaa22004331i 4500</leader>
  <controlfield tag="003">EG-GICUC</controlfield>
  <controlfield tag="005">20260422103803.0</controlfield>
  <controlfield tag="008">260406s2025    ua a|||frm||| 000 0 eng d</controlfield>
  <datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">EG-GICUC</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">eng</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">EG-GICUC</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">EG-GICUC</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">rda</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">eng</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">eng</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">ara</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Deposit</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4">
    <subfield code="a">307.72</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="092" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">307.72</subfield>
    <subfield code="2">21</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="097" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">M.Sc</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="099" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Cai01.07.22.M.Sc.2025.Sa.E</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Samira Wafaa Mohamed Ahmed, </subfield>
    <subfield code="e">preparation.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0">
    <subfield code="a">Economic Empowerment of Rural Women: The Effects of Income- Generating Activities on Livelihoods in Kafr El-Sheik Governorate /</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">by Samira Wafaa Mohamed Ahmed ; Supervisors: Dr. Azza Tohamy El-Bendary, Dr. Salwa Mahmoud Ismail. </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="246" ind1="1" ind2="5">
    <subfield code="a">&#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x645;&#x643;&#x64A;&#x646; &#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x642;&#x62A;&#x635;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x649; &#x644;&#x644;&#x645;&#x631;&#x623;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x631;&#x64A;&#x641;&#x64A;&#x629;: &#x62A;&#x623;&#x62B;&#x64A;&#x631; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x646;&#x634;&#x637;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x629; &#x644;&#x644;&#x62F;&#x62E;&#x644; &#x639;&#x644;&#x649; &#x633;&#x628;&#x644; &#x627;&#x644;&#x639;&#x64A;&#x634; &#x641;&#x649; &#x645;&#x62D;&#x627;&#x641;&#x638;&#x629; &#x643;&#x641;&#x631; &#x627;&#x644;&#x634;&#x64A;&#x62E;</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="0">
    <subfield code="c">2025.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">123 pages :</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">illustrations ;</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">25 cm. + </subfield>
    <subfield code="e">CD.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">text</subfield>
    <subfield code="2">rda content</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Unmediated</subfield>
    <subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">volume</subfield>
    <subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="502" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Thesis (M.Sc)-Cairo University, 2025.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Bibliography: pages 112 -123.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2="3">
    <subfield code="a">Economic empowerment of rural women is crucial for improving household 
livelihoods, especially in villages vulnerable to poverty and food insecurity. This study 
investigates the factors influencing the economic empowerment of rural women in three 
isolated villages in newly reclaimed lands over 15-20 years in the Kafr El-Sheikh 
Governorate, Egypt. The research aims to explore how IGAs influence rural women and 
enhance overall household livelihoods in these communities. The study employed a 
quantitative research methodology, focusing on three villages: Ibrahim El-Desouky, El-
Sayed El-Badawy, and Sidi Talha. Additionally, A qualitative approach was utilized to 
highlight a single case study, a successful woman's story from one of the villages within 
the study area. Three villages are characterized by poverty and limited access to services. 
The preparatory phase included field visits and personal interviews with community 
leaders. The study used a cluster sampling technique to ensure the inclusion of women 
from different socio-economic backgrounds in the three selected villages Data were 
collected using a structured questionnaire and personal interviews with 200 women in 
IGAs, randomly chosen to ensure representativeness. The sample was distributed across 
the villages, comprising 55, 105, and 40 women from Ibrahim El-Desouky, El-Sayed El-
Badawy, and Sidi Talha, respectively. Data collection occurred in January and February 
2023. The findings reveal that the degree of economic empowerment of women was 
positively correlated with age, education status for her and her husband, experience, and 
economic status. Negative correlations were found for family size. Moreover, 50% of the 
variance in the degree of economic empowerment could be explained by the variances in 
the studied independent variables. Findings also revealed that there was a significant 
difference in the degree of household livelihood before and after the respondents engaging 
in IGAs. Finally, the degree of household livelihood after respondents engaged in IGAs 
was positively correlated with age, education of her and her husband, experience, women's 
economic status, number of hours per day, and economic empowerment degree. A negative 
correlation was observed for the family size. Only six variables (respondents&#x2019; economic 
status, respondents&#x2019; economic empowerment, respondents&#x2019; education status, family size, 
permanent job, and husband&#x2019;s economic status) were concluded as significant predictors 
and explained 56.4% of the degree of livelihood after they engaging in IGAs. This study 
presents a qualitative analysis of a rural woman who through establishing an income-
generating activity empowered herself economically and improved her household 
livelihood. </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2="3">
    <subfield code="a">&#x62A;&#x628;&#x62D;&#x62B; &#x647;&#x630;&#x647; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x627;&#x633;&#x629; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x627;&#x644;&#x639;&#x648;&#x627;&#x645;&#x644; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x624;&#x62B;&#x631;&#x629; &#x639;&#x644;&#x649; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x645;&#x643;&#x64A;&#x646; &#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x642;&#x62A;&#x635;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x644;&#x645;&#x631;&#x623;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x631;&#x64A;&#x641;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x62B;&#x644;&#x627;&#x62B; &#x642;&#x631;&#x649; &#x645;&#x639;&#x632;&#x648;&#x644;&#x629; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x645;&#x62D;&#x627;&#x641;&#x638;&#x629; &#x643;&#x641;&#x631; &#x627;&#x644;&#x634;&#x64A;&#x62E;. &#x648;&#x64A;&#x647;&#x62F;&#x641; &#x627;&#x644;&#x628;&#x62D;&#x62B; &#x625;&#x644;&#x649; &#x627;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x643;&#x634;&#x627;&#x641; &#x62A;&#x623;&#x62B;&#x64A;&#x631; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x646;&#x634;&#x637;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x629; &#x644;&#x644;&#x62F;&#x62E;&#x644; &#x639;&#x644;&#x649; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x631;&#x623;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x631;&#x64A;&#x641;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x648;&#x62A;&#x648;&#x641;&#x64A;&#x631; &#x633;&#x628;&#x644; &#x639;&#x64A;&#x634; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x633;&#x631; &#x628;&#x634;&#x643;&#x644; &#x639;&#x627;&#x645;. &#x62A;&#x645; &#x627;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x62E;&#x62F;&#x627;&#x645; &#x646;&#x647;&#x62C; &#x628;&#x62D;&#x62B;&#x64A; &#x648;&#x635;&#x641;&#x649; &#x648;&#x643;&#x645;&#x64A;&#x60C; &#x644;&#x62B;&#x644;&#x627;&#x62B; &#x642;&#x631;&#x649; &#x625;&#x628;&#x631;&#x627;&#x647;&#x64A;&#x645; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62F;&#x633;&#x648;&#x642;&#x64A;&#x60C; &#x648;&#x627;&#x644;&#x633;&#x64A;&#x62F; &#x627;&#x644;&#x628;&#x62F;&#x648;&#x64A;. &#x648;&#x633;&#x64A;&#x62F;&#x64A; &#x637;&#x644;&#x62D;&#x629;&#x60C; &#x62A;&#x62A;&#x645;&#x64A;&#x632; &#x628;&#x627;&#x644;&#x641;&#x642;&#x631; &#x648;&#x627;&#x644;&#x648;&#x635;&#x648;&#x644; &#x625;&#x644;&#x649; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62D;&#x62F;&#x648;&#x62F; &#x625;&#x644;&#x649; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62E;&#x62F;&#x645;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x627;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x62E;&#x62F;&#x645;&#x62A; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x627;&#x633;&#x629; &#x623;&#x633;&#x644;&#x648;&#x628; &#x623;&#x62E;&#x630; &#x627;&#x644;&#x639;&#x64A;&#x646;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x627;&#x644;&#x639;&#x646;&#x642;&#x648;&#x62F;&#x64A;&#x629;  &#x644;&#x636;&#x645;&#x627;&#x646; &#x625;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x62C; &#x627;&#x644;&#x646;&#x633;&#x627;&#x621; &#x645;&#x646; &#x62E;&#x644;&#x641;&#x64A;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x627;&#x62C;&#x62A;&#x645;&#x627;&#x639;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x648;&#x627;&#x642;&#x62A;&#x635;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x645;&#x62E;&#x62A;&#x644;&#x641;&#x629; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x627;&#x644;&#x642;&#x631;&#x649;  &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62E;&#x62A;&#x627;&#x631;&#x629;. &#x62A;&#x645; &#x62C;&#x645;&#x639; &#x627;&#x644;&#x628;&#x64A;&#x627;&#x646;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x628;&#x627;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x62E;&#x62F;&#x627;&#x645; &#x627;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x628;&#x64A;&#x627;&#x646; &#x645;&#x646;&#x638;&#x645; &#x648;&#x645;&#x642;&#x627;&#x628;&#x644;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x634;&#x62E;&#x635;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x645;&#x639; 200 &#x627;&#x645;&#x631;&#x623;&#x629; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x646;&#x634;&#x637;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x629; &#x644;&#x644;&#x62F;&#x62E;&#x644;&#x60C; &#x62A;&#x645; &#x627;&#x62E;&#x62A;&#x64A;&#x627;&#x631; &#x645;&#x646; &#x639;&#x634;&#x648;&#x627;&#x626;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x636;&#x645;&#x627;&#x646; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x645;&#x62B;&#x64A;&#x644; &#x62A;&#x643;&#x634;&#x641; &#x627;&#x644;&#x646;&#x62A;&#x627;&#x626;&#x62C; &#x623;&#x646; &#x62F;&#x631;&#x62C;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x645;&#x643;&#x64A;&#x646; &#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x642;&#x62A;&#x635;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x644;&#x645;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x62C;&#x64A;&#x628;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x643;&#x627;&#x646;&#x62A; &#x645;&#x631;&#x62A;&#x628;&#x637;&#x629; &#x628;&#x634;&#x643;&#x644; &#x625;&#x64A;&#x62C;&#x627;&#x628;&#x64A; &#x628;&#x627;&#x644;&#x639;&#x645;&#x631; &#x648;&#x627;&#x644;&#x62D;&#x627;&#x644;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x639;&#x644;&#x64A;&#x645;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x644;&#x647;&#x627; &#x648;&#x644;&#x632;&#x648;&#x62C;&#x647;&#x627; &#x62D;&#x633;&#x627;&#x628;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x648;&#x627;&#x644;&#x648;&#x636;&#x639; &#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x642;&#x62A;&#x635;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x644;&#x645;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x62C;&#x64A;&#x628;&#x627;&#x62A;. &#x643;&#x645;&#x627; &#x62A;&#x645; &#x627;&#x644;&#x639;&#x62B;&#x648;&#x631; &#x639;&#x644;&#x649; &#x627;&#x631;&#x62A;&#x628;&#x627;&#x637; &#x633;&#x644;&#x628;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x62D;&#x62C;&#x645; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x633;&#x631;&#x629;. &#x64A;&#x62D;&#x62F;&#x62B; &#x630;&#x644;&#x643;&#x60C; &#x648;&#x64A;&#x645;&#x643;&#x646; &#x62A;&#x641;&#x633;&#x64A;&#x631; 50&#x66A; &#x645;&#x646; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x628;&#x627;&#x64A;&#x646; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x62F;&#x631;&#x62C;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x645;&#x643;&#x64A;&#x646; &#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x642;&#x62A;&#x635;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x644;&#x645;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x62C;&#x64A;&#x628;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x645;&#x646; &#x62E;&#x644;&#x627;&#x644; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x628;&#x627;&#x64A;&#x646;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x642;&#x644;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x648;&#x633;&#x629;. &#x643;&#x645;&#x627; &#x643;&#x634;&#x641;&#x62A; &#x627;&#x644;&#x646;&#x62A;&#x627;&#x626;&#x62C; &#x639;&#x646; &#x648;&#x62C;&#x648;&#x62F; &#x641;&#x631;&#x642; &#x643;&#x628;&#x64A;&#x631; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x62F;&#x631;&#x62C;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x633;&#x631;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62A;&#x62D;&#x631;&#x643;&#x629; &#x642;&#x628;&#x644; &#x648;&#x628;&#x639;&#x62F; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x634;&#x627;&#x631;&#x643;&#x629; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x646;&#x634;&#x637;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x642;&#x62A;&#x635;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x629; &#x644;&#x644;&#x62F;&#x62E;&#x644;&#x60C; &#x648;&#x623;&#x62E;&#x64A;&#x631;&#x627;&#x60C; &#x643;&#x627;&#x646;&#x62A; &#x62F;&#x631;&#x62C;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x633;&#x631;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62A;&#x62D;&#x631;&#x643;&#x629; &#x645;&#x631;&#x62A;&#x628;&#x637;&#x629; &#x628;&#x634;&#x643;&#x644; &#x625;&#x64A;&#x62C;&#x627;&#x628;&#x64A; &#x628;&#x627;&#x644;&#x633;&#x646; &#x648;&#x62A;&#x639;&#x644;&#x64A;&#x645;&#x647;&#x627; &#x648;&#x62A;&#x639;&#x644;&#x64A;&#x645; &#x632;&#x648;&#x62C;&#x647;&#x627; &#x62D;&#x633;&#x627;&#x628;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x648;&#x627;&#x644;&#x648;&#x636;&#x639; &#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x642;&#x62A;&#x635;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x644;&#x645;&#x631;&#x623;&#x629; &#x648;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x62C;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x645;&#x643;&#x64A;&#x646; &#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x642;&#x62A;&#x635;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x644;&#x645;&#x633;&#x62A;&#x62C;&#x64A;&#x628;&#x627;&#x62A;. &#x643;&#x645;&#x627; &#x64A;&#x62D;&#x62F;&#x62B; &#x648;&#x62C;&#x648;&#x62F; &#x627;&#x631;&#x62A;&#x628;&#x627;&#x637; &#x633;&#x644;&#x628;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x62D;&#x62C;&#x645; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x633;&#x631;&#x629;. &#x62A;&#x645; &#x627;&#x644;&#x639;&#x62B;&#x648;&#x631; &#x639;&#x644;&#x649; &#x633;&#x62A;&#x629; &#x645;&#x62A;&#x63A;&#x64A;&#x631;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x641;&#x642;&#x637; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x62A;&#x641;&#x633;&#x64A;&#x631; 56.4&#x66A; &#x645;&#x646; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x628;&#x627;&#x64A;&#x646; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62D;&#x627;&#x62F;&#x62B; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x62F;&#x631;&#x62C;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x639;&#x64A;&#x634;&#x629; &#x628;&#x639;&#x62F; &#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x646;&#x62E;&#x631;&#x627;&#x637; &#x641;&#x64A; &#x623;&#x646;&#x634;&#x637;&#x629; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x629; &#x644;&#x644;&#x62F;&#x62E;&#x644; </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="530" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Issues also as CD.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="546" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Text in English and abstract in Arabic &amp; English.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0">
    <subfield code="a">Rural Sociology</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0">
    <subfield code="a">&#x627;&#x644;&#x627;&#x62C;&#x62A;&#x645;&#x627;&#x639; &#x627;&#x644;&#x631;&#x64A;&#x641;&#x649; </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="1">
    <subfield code="a">Economic empowerment</subfield>
    <subfield code="a">rural women</subfield>
    <subfield code="a">livelihoods</subfield>
    <subfield code="a">Kafr El-Shiekh</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Azza Tohamy El-Bendary</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">thesis advisor.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Salwa Mahmoud Ismail</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">thesis advisor.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="900" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="b">01-01-2025</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">Azza Tohamy El-Bendary</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">Salwa Mahmoud Ismail</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">Mazen Mohamed Barakat</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">Mohamed Helmy Nawar</subfield>
    <subfield code="U">Cairo University</subfield>
    <subfield code="F">Faculty of Agriculture </subfield>
    <subfield code="D">Department of Rural Sociology  and Agriculture Extension </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="905" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Shimaa</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">Eman Ghareb</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="942" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="2">ddc</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">TH</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">21</subfield>
    <subfield code="n">0</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="c">179235</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="2">ddc</subfield>
    <subfield code="9">316147</subfield>
    <subfield code="a">CUCL</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">cl210</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">2026-04-06</subfield>
    <subfield code="i">93676</subfield>
    <subfield code="o">Cai01.07.22.M.Sc.2025.Sa.E</subfield>
    <subfield code="p">01010110093676000</subfield>
    <subfield code="r">2026-04-06 14:07:21</subfield>
    <subfield code="w">2026-04-06</subfield>
    <subfield code="y">TH</subfield>
  </datafield>
</record>
