Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Pharmacy - Department of Pharmacognosy

Trema orientalis (L.) Blume, is a fast-growing tree cultivated in Egypt. Botanical study including macro- and micro-morphological studies of the different organs of Trema orientalis (L.) Blume were achieved for identification and authentication of the plant in the entire and powdered form. The phytochemical investigation included: preliminary phytochemical screening,proximate analysis, study of lipoidal content, in addition to phytochemical study of the fractions. Seven compounds were isolated and identified including: ledene, Ý-sitosterol and phytol from n-Hexane; vitexin (apigenin 8-C glycosides) from ethyl acetate; 1,3,5 trihydroxy 4-prenyl xanthone and propyl-4- methoxy cinnamate from n-Butanol. Structure elucidation achieved using spectrophotometric techniques (UV and NMR) along with reported data. Spectrophotometric analysis for quantitative determination of flavonoids and phenolic content, total flavonoids =75.34 ug/mg quercetin equivalent and phenolic content =79.13ug/mg gallic acid equivalent. Twenty compounds identified and quantified using RP-HPLC/DAD-EC analysis (14 phenolic, 2 non-phenolic & 4 flavonoids). Q-TOF-LC/MS/MS technique used for determination of major components in ethanolic extract in positive ionization mode, 38 compounds (11 flavonoids, 8 amino acids, 2 phenolic acids, 2 cinnamaldehyde,1 vitamin,1 disaccharide,1 hydroxy coumarin,1 pentacyclic diterpenic acid, 1 sterol and 1 organic acid , together of 9 unidentified compounds)

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